Note: Database management system (DBMS) files are a special category of files that
can be read with SAS/ACCESS software. For more information about DBMS
files, see Chapter 31, “About SAS/ACCESS Software,” on page 703 and the
SAS/ACCESS documentation for your DBMS.
Operating Environment Information
Using external files with your SAS jobs entails significant operating-environment-
specific information. For more information, see the SAS documentation for your
operating environment.
Referencing External Files Directly
To reference a file directly in a SAS statement or command, specify in quotation marks
its physical name. This is the name by which the operating environment recognizes it, as
shown in the following table:
Table 37.1 Referencing External Files Directly
External File Task Tool Example
Specify the file that contains
input data.
INFILE
data weight;
infile 'input-file';
input idno $ week1 week16;
loss=week1-week16;
Identify the file that the PUT
statement writes to.
FILE
file 'output-file ';
if loss ge 5 and loss le 9 then
put idno loss 'AWARD STATUS=3';
else if loss ge 10 and loss le 14 then
put idno loss 'AWARD STATUS=2';
else if loss ge 15 then
put idno loss 'AWARD STATUS=1';
run;
Bring statements or raw data
from another file into your
SAS job and execute them.
%INCLUDE
%include 'source-file';
Referencing External Files Indirectly
If you want to reference a file in only one place in a program so that you can easily
change it for another job or a later run, you can reference a filename indirectly. Use a
FILENAME statement, the FILENAME function, or an appropriate operating system
command to assign a fileref or nickname, to a file.
1
Note that you can assign a fileref to a
SAS catalog that is an external file, or to an output device, as shown in the following
table.
1
In some operating environments, you can also use the command '&' to assign a fileref.
756 Chapter 37 • External Files
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