See SAS Statements: Reference for detailed information about each of these statements.
Working with External Files
Reading External Files
The primary reason for reading an external file in a SAS job is to create a SAS data set
from raw data. This topic is covered in Chapter 19, “Reading Raw Data,” on page 429.
Writing to External Files
You can write to an external file by using:
• a SAS DATA step
• the External File Interface (EFI)
• the Export Wizard.
When you use a DATA step to write a customized report, you write it to an external file.
In its simplest form, a DATA step that writes a report looks like this:
data _null_;
set budget;
file 'your-file-name';
put variables-and-text;
run;
For examples of writing reports with a DATA step, see Chapter 18, “DATA Step
Processing,” on page 401.
If your operating environment supports a graphical user interface, you can use the EFI or
the Export Wizard to write to an external file. The EFI is a point-and-click graphical
interface that you can use to read and write data that is not in SAS internal format. By
using the EFI, you can read data from a SAS data set and write it to an external file, and
you can read data from an external file and write it to a SAS data set. See SAS/ACCESS
Interface to PC Files: Reference for more information about the EFI.
Note: If the data file you are passing to EFI is password protected, you are prompted
multiple times for your login ID and password.
The Export Wizard guides you through the steps to read data from a SAS data set and
write it to an external file. As a wizard, it is a series of windows that present simple
choices to guide you through the process. See SAS/ACCESS Interface to PC Files:
Reference for more information about the wizard.
Processing External Files
When reading data from or to a file, you can also use a DATA step to:
• copy only parts of each record to another file
• copy a file and add fields to each record
• process multiple files in the same way in a single DATA step
• create a subset of a file
• update an external file in place
760 Chapter 37 • External Files
• write data to a file that can be read in different computer environments
• correct errors in a file at the bit level.
For examples of using a DATA step to process external files, see Chapter 19, “Reading
Raw Data,” on page 429.
Working with External Files 761
762 Chapter 37 • External Files
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