INDEX
measuring usability 72, 76, 77
usability evaluation 124, 128, 134, 135
AEIOU (Activities, Environments, Interactions, Objects, Users) 49, 50, 64
aesthetic and minimalist design (usability heuristic) 126
affinity diagramming 36, 47, 50, 51, 55, 63, 119
Agile delivery life cycle 139, 142–3, 144
Agile development approach 139–41, 143
Alpha (Agile delivery) 142
alternative approaches to design 22–3
anticipatory experience 27
Aran sweater pattern 142
autonomy 27
avoidance of harm 76
Barker, Dean 125
basic model of UX 7
BCS Foundation Certificate in User Experience 1–4, 106, 139, 145–6
behaviour-based research 36, 37, 42, 46–52, 54
Beta (Agile delivery) 143
Build–Measure–Learn cycle 72, 77
buttons 95, 96–8, 105, 125, 132
Cadle, J. 22
carousels 102
closed card sort 82, 84, 85, 86, 89
cognition 18
combo boxes 98
completeness 44, 72, 73–4, 76, 77
conceptual model 82, 83, 86–8, 89, 109
concreteness of UX approach 17–18
consistency and standards (usability heuristic) 126
context of use
illustrating see illustrating context of use
measuring usability 72, 73, 76, 79
user research 36, 37–41, 47, 50, 52, 54
contextual inquiry 36, 46–52, 54–5
cumulative experience 27
customer experience (CX) 15, 19
data models 88
date picker controls 98
definitions 4
affordances 88
rationale and concepts 8, 10–11, 13–14
user group 60
user interface prototyping 116–17
devising test tasks and scenarios (usability testing) 130
disabilities, users with 13, 23–4, 102, 134
Discovery (Agile delivery) 142
double diamond model 139, 141–2, 143
effectiveness
interaction design 94, 96, 103
measuring usability 72, 73–4, 75, 77, 79
interaction design 94, 96, 103
measuring usability 72, 73, 74–5, 76, 77, 79
usability evaluation 126, 127, 130
empathy/empathy maps 45, 50, 52–3, 55, 59, 64
empirical research 25, 36, 41–2, 50, 54, 110, 134
environment 9, 10, 98, 119, 142
measuring usability 77, 78, 79
user research 37–40, 42, 43–4, 46–8, 49–50, 52, 54
illustrating context of use 59, 60, 64, 65, 68
technical environment 9, 10, 37, 38, 39, 54, 59, 77, 79, 98, 130, 142
physical environment 9, 10, 19, 37, 38, 39, 49, 50, 54, 59, 77, 109–10
social environment 9, 10, 16, 19, 37, 38, 39, 49, 54, 59, 77, 142
user-centred design 23, 24–5, 27, 30, 33
episodic experience 27
error prevention (usability heuristic) 126
evaluate the designs (user-centred design cycle) 29, 32
evolutionary prototypes 118, 121
illustrating context of use 70–1
user interface prototyping 122–3
existing records 54
extended meanings of ‘UX’ 13–14
faceted search pattern 99, 103
face-to-face research 42
‘false friends’ 4
field visits 36, 46–50, 52, 62
flexibility and efficiency of use (usability heuristic) 126
frequency (of usability issues) 133
functional properties 22
functional requirements 23, 32
illustrating context of use 65, 66–7, 68
information architecture 82, 83–4, 89
user interface prototyping 118, 119
illustrating context of use 59, 60, 61, 62, 65–6, 67, 68
measuring usability 73, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79
rationale and concepts 8–9, 10, 11, 16, 19
usability evaluation 126, 127, 130
user-centred design 24, 27, 30
user research 37–8, 39, 40, 44, 46, 49, 52, 54
Goodwin, Kim 66
GOV.UK service manual 139, 142, 143
grid systems 108
GUI (graphical user interface) 93, 95–6, 107, 119
Help and documentation (usability heuristic) 127
help users recognise, diagnose and recover from errors (usability heuristic) 126
Henderson, A. 87
Hick’s law 58, 66, 67, 68, 102
high-fidelity prototypes 119–20, 121
horizontal prototypes 118, 121
human-centred design 21, 24, 28, 33, 36
rationale and concepts 8, 10, 12, 15, 17, 18, 19
see also user-centred design
hyperlinks 96
identifying research questions (usability testing) 129
illustrating context of use 58, 68
context-of-use description 58–9, 61
environment 59, 60, 64, 65, 68
example examination questions 70–1
Hick’s law 58, 66, 67, 68, 102
learning objectives 58
personas 58, 60–3, 65–6, 67, 68
user groups 59, 60, 65, 67, 68
user needs 58, 59, 65–6, 67, 68
user stories 58, 64–5, 66, 67–8
impact (of usability issues) 133
implementation model 82, 83, 87–8, 89
inclusive design 13, 21, 23–4, 33
inclusive research 40
infinite scrolling 100
information architecture 82, 89
example examination questions 90–2
learning objectives 82
mental, conceptual and implementation models 82, 83, 86–8, 89
informed consent 48, 130, 131, 132
interaction (UX models) 7, 8, 9, 10
choosing interface controls 95–8, 103
example examination questions 104–5
graphical user interface 93, 95–6
information architecture comparison 93, 99, 100
learning objectives 93
physical ergonomics of interface controls 93, 102–3
principles of usable user interfaces 93, 94–5, 103
user interface patterns 93, 99–102, 103
interactive prototypes 119, 120, 121
interface controls 93, 95–8, 102–3, 126
international standards
ISO 9241-11 2, 3, 8, 37–9, 60, 73, 74, 75, 76, 79, 129
ISO 9241-210 2, 3, 6, 10, 11, 16, 21, 24, 25, 28, 33, 116–17
ISO 15288 11
ISO 25010 10
interpretation 36, 49, 50, 112, 124, 133, 134
interviews 44–6, 47, 48, 52, 54–5
iterative design 26, 28, 29–33, 62, 67, 72, 77–9, 116, 130, 139–43
Johnson, J. 87
journey maps 58, 63–4, 67, 68, 120
LATCH (Location, Alphabet, Time, Category, Hierarchy) 82, 83–4, 89
layout and formatting, principles of 107–9
learnability 76
learning objectives (BCS Foundation Certificate) 2–3
illustrating context of use 58
information architecture 82
interaction design 93
measuring usability 72
usability evaluation 124
user-centred design 21
user interface prototyping 116
visual design 106
Liddle, David 87
Live (Agile delivery) 143
low-fidelity prototypes 119–20, 121
maintainability 76
make designs (user-centred design cycle) 29, 31
marketing 11, 15, 19, 26, 43, 60, 61
mastery 27
match between system and the real world (usability heuristic) 125
effectiveness 72, 73–4, 75, 77, 79
efficiency 72, 73, 74–5, 76, 77, 79
example examination questions 80–1
learning objectives 72
method for 76
satisfaction 72, 73, 75–6, 77, 78, 79
validated learning 72, 77–8, 79
MECE (mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive) rule 43
mental model 82, 83, 86, 87–8, 89, 129
misleading uses of ‘UX’ 14
moderated research 42
moderating tests 124, 128, 130, 131–3, 134
multidisciplinary teams 27–8, 33, 139, 140–1
multivariate testing 72, 78, 79
negative persona 60
negative space 108
Nielsen Norman Group 6
Nielsen, Jakob 124, 125, 127, 134
non-functional requirements 17, 23, 32, 71
observation 36, 47, 48–9, 50, 54–5, 63, 119, 123, 128, 133, 134
open card sort 82, 84, 85, 86, 89
operable (web content principle) 134
opinion-based research 36, 37, 42–6, 50, 54, 138
Organiser-Workspace pattern 101, 103
PACT (people, activities, contexts, technologies) 39
pagination 100
paper prototypes 116, 117, 119, 121
PARC (proximity, alignment, repetition, contrast) 107, 112
perceivable (web content principle) 134
perception 6, 7, 9, 19, 27, 75, 86, 106, 108
persistence (of usability issues) 133
person (UX models) 7, 8, 9, 10
personas 58, 60–3, 65–6, 67, 68, 78, 120, 129
physical environment 9, 10, 19, 37, 38, 39, 44, 49, 50, 54, 59, 77, 109–10
plan the work (user-centred design cycle) 28–30
predictability 42, 52, 94, 99, 101
preparing the environment (usability testing) 130–1
primary persona 60
problem hypothesis 78
problems (context-of-use description) 59
process maturity 143
products, defining 8
Agile delivery life cycle 139, 142–3, 144
Agile development approach 139–41, 143
process maturity 143
prototyping see user interface prototyping
purpose, sense of 27
qualitative research 41, 50, 57
question types (interviews) 45–6
extended meanings of ‘UX’ 13–14
misleading uses of ‘UX’ 14
relation of UX to other disciplines 15
recall questions 44
recognition rather than recall (usability heuristic) 126
recording observations 47, 48–9, 52, 119, 133, 134
recording usability issues (usability testing) 133
recruiting test participants (usability testing) 129–30
Red Routes 67
relation of UX to other disciplines 15
remote desktop access 54
re-planning 30
project processes 139, 140, 142
requirements engineering 9, 15
user-centred design 22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 31, 32, 33
resources 22, 37–9, 52, 54, 68, 74–5, 83, 84, 89, 107
Ries, Eric 77
robust (web content principle) 134
interaction design 94, 96, 103
measuring usability 72, 73, 75–6, 77, 78, 79
usability evaluation 127, 129, 131, 133, 134
scenarios 58, 65, 67, 68, 74, 130
Scope (context-of-use description) 58–9
semantic markup 95
services, defining 8
Shneiderman, Ben 125
simplicity 58, 66, 68, 78, 94, 103, 106
skeuomorphism 110
social environment 9, 10, 16, 19, 37, 38, 39, 49, 54, 59, 77, 142
sources 2
specify the requirements (user-centred design cycle) 29, 31
stakeholders 11–12, 15–16, 17, 40, 59, 66, 120, 142
structured information, entering 98
subjective research 36, 41–2, 44, 45, 54
surveys/questionnaires 43, 54, 75, 79, 129, 131, 133
systems analysis 9, 15, 17, 18
tasks
illustrating context of use 58, 59, 65–7, 68
information architecture 82, 83, 86, 89
interaction design 93–4, 98, 100–101, 102, 103
measuring usability 75, 76, 78
rationale and concepts 8–9, 10, 16, 18
usability evaluation 124, 126–7, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132–3, 134
user interface prototyping 118, 121
user-centred design 24–5, 29, 30, 33
user research 37–8, 39, 40, 41, 44, 49–50, 52, 54
technical environment 9, 10, 37, 38, 39, 54, 59, 77, 79, 98, 130, 142
text fields 98
toggle controls 96
Travis, David 67
understand the context (user-centred design cycle) 29, 30
understandable (web content principle) 134
understanding users, tasks and environments 24–5
unmoderated research 42
unmoderated usability tests 128
usability
evaluation see usability evaluation
measuring see measuring usability
rationale and concepts 8, 12, 17, 19
user-centred design 21, 23, 27, 30, 32, 33
usability evaluation 124, 134–5
evaluating accessibility 134
example examination questions 135–8
learning objectives 124
moderating tests 124, 128, 130, 131–3, 134
usability heuristics 124, 125–7, 134
usability inspection 124, 125–7, 134
usability testing 124, 127–33, 134
usability heuristics 124, 125–7, 134
usability inspection 124, 125–7, 134
usability testing 13, 32, 33, 78, 98, 124, 127–33, 134, 143
user acceptance testing 21, 32
user-centred design (UCD) 21, 33
Agile delivery life cycle 139, 142–3, 144
alternative approaches to design 22–3
design cycle 28–32, 117, 127, 139
environment 23, 24–5, 27, 30, 33
example examination questions 34–5
inclusive design 13, 21, 23–4, 33
iterative design 26, 28, 29–33, 77, 116
learning objectives 21
place of design in project process 21–2
see also human-centred design
usability 21, 23, 27, 30, 32, 33
user-centred evaluation 26, 32, 33
user control and freedom (usability heuristic) 126
user groups 59, 60, 65, 67, 68, 129
illustrating context of use 58, 64, 68
information architecture 82, 83, 88–9
prototyping see user interface prototyping
rationale and concepts 16, 17, 18
usability evaluation 125, 126, 127, 131, 134
user interface prototyping 116, 121
example examination questions 122–3
learning objectives 116
types of prototype 116, 118–21
user knowledge, leveraging 95
illustrating context of use 58, 59, 65–6, 67, 68
interaction design 100, 101, 102
rationale and concepts 8, 15, 19
user-centred design 30, 31, 33
behaviour-based research 36, 37, 42, 46–52, 54
context of use 36, 37–41, 47, 50, 52, 54
contextual inquiry 36, 46–52, 54–5
environment 37–40, 42, 43–4, 46–8, 49–50, 52, 54
example examination questions 56–7
field visits 36, 46–50, 52, 62
identifying users to study 39–40
opinion-based research 36, 37, 42–6, 50, 54, 138
role of 37
user stories 58, 58, 64–5, 66, 67–8, 130, 139, 140
validated learning 72, 77–8, 79, 140–1
visibility of system status (usability heuristic) 125
visual clues 4
example examination questions 114–15
learning objectives 106
visual metaphors 106, 109–10, 112
W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) 134, 135
WAI (Web Accessibility Initiative) 134, 135
WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) 134, 135
Weinschenk, Susan 125
Williams, Robin 107
Wurman, Richard Saul 83