CONTENTS

Foreword

Acknowledgments

PART I   Getting Started

Chapter 1   What Is a Network?

Defining the Modern Network

Why Use a Network?

Network Classifications

Local Area Networks

Wide Area Networks

Private and Public WANs

Network Topologies

LAN Topologies

WAN Topologies

Wireless Topology

Network Architectures

Client-Server Architecture

Peer-to-Peer Architecture

Hybrid Architectures

Network Standards and Organizations

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 2   Layers of a Network

The OSI Model

Layers of the OSI Model

Physical Layer Transmission Media

Copper

Fiber Optics

Wireless Transmission

Common Transmission Media Problems

The Physical Layer and Networked AV Systems

Category (CAT) Cabling

Fiber-Optic Cabling

Long-Distance Communication Media

Data Link Layers and Networked AV

AV Data Link Protocols

Why Pro AV Needs Its Own Protocols

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 3   Bandwidth, Encoding, and Transport

Bandwidth

Baseband

Broadband

Encoding

Analog-to-Digital Encoding

Encoding Digital Signals for Transmission

Data Transmission

Simplex Communication

Duplex Communication

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 4   Network Building Blocks

Networking Components

Switches versus Hubs

Blended Machines

NIC Card and MAC Addresses

Network Operating Systems

Windows Servers

UNIX

Servers

Server Components

Web Servers and Services

File Servers

Data Servers

Email Servers

Network Time Protocol Server

External Storage Systems

Network-Attached Storage

Virtual Machines

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 5   Designing a Network for AV Systems

The Needs Analysis

The Network Needs Analysis

The Customer Is Not Always Right

Customer Readiness

Physical and Logical Design

Physical Topology

Planning Structured Cabling

Organizational Structure

Electrical and HVAC Considerations

Ensuring Security

Risk-Management Frameworks

Mitigation

Risk Analysis

Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability

Ensuring Quality

Fault Tolerance

Quality of Service

Differentiated Service Categories

Implementation

Developing a Timeline

Training

Documentation

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

PART II   Networking for AV

Chapter 6    Ethernet, AVB, and More

What Is Ethernet?

Ethernet Speeds

10 Mbps Ethernet

100 Mbps Ethernet

Gigabit Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet

40/100 Gigabit Ethernet

Audio Video Bridging (AVB)

Ethernet Requirements and Capabilities

AVB Topologies

EtherSound

Ethernet Requirements and Capabilities

EtherSound Topologies

EtherSound Latency

CobraNet

Ethernet Requirements and Capabilities

CobraNet Topologies and Latency

Dante

Ethernet Requirements and Capabilities

Dante Topologies and Latency

Q-Sys

Ethernet Requirements and Capabilities

Q-Sys Topologies and Latency

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 7   Network Addressing

The TCP/IP Stack

Address Resolution Protocol

Internet Protocol

Internet Control Messaging Protocol (ICMP)

IP Addresses

Decimal Numbering

Binary Numbering

Hexadecimal Numbering

IPv4 Addressing

IPv4 Netmask

Network Classes and Classless Interdomain Routing

IPv6 Addressing

IPv6 Netmasks

Types of IP Addresses

Global IP Addresses

Private Addresses

IPv4 Broadcast Addresses

IPv6 Multicast Addresses

Loopback Addresses

IP Address Assignment

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

Naming Services

Hosts Files

DNS

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 8   Subnetting: Networking AV Devices Together

Network Segments

Collision Domains

Broadcast Domains

Subnets

Virtual LANs

Requesting a VLAN

Subnetting

The Subnet Mask

Subnetting in Practice

Subnetting within an Organization

Calculating IPv4 Subnets: CIDR Notation

Calculating IPv4 Subnets: Dot-Decimal Notation

Calculating Hosts on IPv4 Subnets

Determining Subnets for IPv4 Addresses

IPv6 Subnetting

IPv6 Subnet Masks

Calculating Subnets for IPv6 Networks

Calculating Hosts on IPv6 Subnets

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 9   Protocols, Ports, and Documenting AV Devices and Protocols

Transport Layer Protocols

TCP Transport

UDP Transport

Routing Protocols

Ports

Identifying Protocols and Ports

Networked Device Inventory

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

PART III   Networked AV Applications

Chapter 10   Audio and Video Streaming

Streaming AV Needs Analysis

Streaming Tasks

Audience

Endpoints

Content Sources

Using Copyrighted Content

Cheat Sheet: Streaming Needs Analysis Questions

Streaming Media and the Networking Environment

Topology

Bandwidth: Matching Content to the Network

Streaming and Quality of Service

Latency

Network Policies and Restrictions

Cheat Sheet: Streaming Network Analysis Questions

Digital Content Bandwidth

Digital Audio Bandwidth

Digital Video Bandwidth

Bandwidth: Total Program Size

Image Quality vs. Available Bandwidth

Content Compression and Encoding

Codecs

Digital Audio Compression: MP3

Digital AV Compression

Choosing a Codec

High-Quality Streaming Video

Achieving High-Quality Compressed Images

Transcoding and Intelligent Streaming

Designing the Streaming System

Other Streaming Protocols

Unicast and Multicast

Implementing Multicast

Multicast Addressing

Video on Demand

Technologies for Delivery of Streaming Media

Encoders

Decoders

Streaming Servers

Caching Servers

Endpoint Interface

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 11 Digital Signage

Digital Signage Basics

Elements of Digital Signage

Digital Signage Control

Digital Signage Content

Content Configuration

The Digital Signage System

Digital Signage Players

Digital Signage Management

A Sample Digital Signage Network

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 12   Conferencing

Conferencing Needs Analysis

Audience

Endpoints

Content

Related Applications

Bandwidth Availability

Latency

Network Policies

Placing the Call

Conferencing Session Protocols

Gatekeepers and Servers

Routing Modes

Where to Install a Gatekeeper or SIP Server

Calling Multiple Endpoints

Multipoint Control Units

Conferencing Endpoints

Directory Integration

E.164 Addressing

Conferencing as a Stream

SIP and Unified Communications

Types of Conferencing Media

Digital Audio Standards: ITU

Conferencing and Bandwidth

Dedicated Network Links for Videoconferencing

Videoconferencing Latency

Mitigating Videoconferencing Bandwidth Requirements

Gatekeeper/SIP Server Business Rules

Calling Across Networks

H.323-SIP Internetworking

Gateways

Creating a Dial Plan

External Conferencing Strategies

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 13   Secure Remote Management and Monitoring

Introduction to the Remote Management and Monitoring System

Simple Network Management Protocol

Management Information Base and SNMP

Alternatives to SNMP Communication

Basic Reporting

System Configuration

Security and Troubleshooting

Planning a Remote Management and Monitoring System

Management System Architecture

Remote Management and Monitoring Access and Reporting Methods

Alarm Notification and Response Plan

Required Ports and Protocols

Scoping Remote Management and Monitoring System

Determine What Data to Monitor

Integrate Devices

Determine Data Retention and Redundancy Requirements

Implications of Cloud-Based Monitoring

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

PART IV   Ensuring Exceptional AV Experiences

Chapter 14   Service-Level Agreements

Get Acquainted with Service-Level Agreements

SLAs Set Expectations

Service Providers

Types of Service-Level Agreements

Discovering SLA Requirements

The AV Pro’s Role in an SLA

Components of a Service-Level Agreement

SLA Template

Areas of AV Focus in an SLA

Bandwidth

Quality of Service (QoS)

Latency

Packet Loss

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 15   Network Security

Vulnerabilities and Threats

Network Vulnerabilities

Social Vulnerabilities

Network Threats

Common Network Risks

Denial of Service

Masquerade Attacks

Malware

Security Tools

Firewalls

Application Layer Gateways and Session Border Controllers

Third-Party Security Tools

User Authentication

Network Access Control

User Authentication Protocols

Access Control List

Secure Transmission

Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security

Secure Shell and Secure Copy Protocol

Virtual Private Networking

Wireless Security

Weak Wireless Security Measures

Wireless Security Protocols

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Chapter 16   Troubleshooting Networked AV Systems

Troubleshooting Methodology

Symptom Recognition and Elaboration

Listing and Localizing Faulty Functions

Failure Analysis

Network Infrastructure Troubleshooting Tools

Network Cable Tester

Tone Generator

Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer

Wireless Network Tester/Analyzer

NIC Loopback Tester

Network Protocol Analyzer

Troubleshooting with TCP/IP Utilities

Ping

Traceroute

Netstat

Ipconfig and Ifconfig

Address Resolution Protocol Command Tool

Name Server Lookup

Troubleshooting Windows NT and UNIX-Based Operating Systems

Network Maintenance

Maintaining System Software

Maintaining System Hardware

Chapter Review

Review Questions

Answers

Appendix   Networked AV Systems Project

Project Expectations and Requirements

Project Assumptions

Networked Device Inventory/Ports and Protocols

Network Topology/Addressing/Subnetting

Streaming Bandwidth

Digital Signage Strategy

Security Requirements

Videoconferencing/Firewall Strategy

Secure Remote Management and Monitoring Requirements

Service-Level Agreements

Glossary

Index

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