- Cover Page
- Half title page
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Author
- Acronyms
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Digital Optical Communications and Transmission Systems: Challenging Issues
- 1.2 Enabling Technologies
- 1.3 Organization of the Book Chapters
- References
- Chapter 2 Optical Fibers
- 2.1 Overview
- 2.2 Optical Fiber: General Properties
- 2.3 Nonlinear Effects
- 2.4 Signal Attenuation in Optical Fibers
- 2.5 Signal Distortion through Optical Fibers
- 2.6 Transfer Function of Single-Mode Fibers
- 2.7 Fiber Nonlinearity Revisited
- 2.8 Special Dispersion Optical Fibers
- 2.9 SMF Transfer Function: Simplified Linear and Nonlinear Operating Region
- 2.10 Numerical Solution: Split-Step Fourier Method
- 2.11 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 3 Optical Transmitters
- 3.1 Optical Modulators
- 3.2 Return-to-Zero Optical Pulses
- 3.3 Differential Phase Shift Keying
- 3.4 Generation of Modulation Formats
- 3.5 Spectral Characteristics of Digital Modulation Formats
- 3.6 I–Q Integrated Modulators
- 3.7 Digital-to-Analog Converter for DSP-Based Modulation and Transmitter
- 3.8 Concluding Remarks
- 3.9 Problems on Transmitter (Tx) for Advanced Modulation Formats for Long-Haul Transmission Systems
- References
- Chapter 4 Optical Receivers and Transmission Performance: Fundamentals
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Digital Optical Receivers
- 4.3 Performance Evaluation of Binary Amplitude Modulation Format
- 4.4 Quantum Limit of Optical Receivers under Different Modulation Formats
- 4.5 Binary Coherent Optical Receiver
- 4.6 Noncoherent Detection for Optical DPSK and MSK
- 4.7 Transmission Impairments
- 4.8 MATLAB® and Simulink® Simulator for Optical Communications Systems
- 4.9 Performance Evaluation
- 4.10 Effects of Source Linewidth
- 4.11 Concluding Remarks
- 4.12 Problems
- Appendix 4A: Sellmeier’s Coefficients for Different Core Materials
- Appendix 4B: Total Equivalent Electronic Noise
- References
- Chapter 5 Optical Coherent Detection and Processing Systems
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Coherent Receiver Components
- 5.3 Coherent Detection
- 5.4 Self-Coherent Detection and Electronic DSP
- 5.5 Electronic Amplifiers: Responses and Noise
- 5.6 Digital Signal Processing Systems and Coherent Optical Reception
- 5.7 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 6 Differential Phase Shift Keying Photonic Systems
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.3 DPSK Transmission Experiment
- 6.3.1 Components and Operational Characteristics
- 6.3.2 Spectra of Modulation Formats
- 6.3.3 Dispersion Tolerance of Optical DPSK Formats
- 6.3.4 Optical Filtering Effects
- 6.3.5 Performance of CSRZ-DPSK over a Dispersion-Managed Optical Transmission Link
- 6.3.6 Mutual Impact of Adjacent 10G and 40G DWDM Channels
- 6.4 DQPSK Modulation Format
- 6.5 Comparisons of Different Formats and ASK and DPSK
- 6.6 Concluding Remarks
- Appendix 6A: MATLAB® and Simulink® Model for DQPSK Optical System
- References
- Chapter 7 Multilevel Amplitude and Phase Shift Keying Optical Transmission
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Amplitude and Differential Phase Modulation
- 7.3 MADPSK Optical Transmission
- 7.4 Star 16-QAM Optical Transmission
- 7.4.1 Introduction
- 7.4.2 Design of 16-QAM Signal Constellation
- 7.4.3 Signal Constellation
- 7.4.4 Optimum Ring Ratio for Star Constellation
- 7.4.5 Detection Methods
- 7.4.6 Transmitter Design
- 7.4.7 Receiver for 16-Star QAM
- 7.4.8 Other Multilevel and Multi-Subcarrier Modulation Formats for 100 Gbps Ethernet Transmission
- 7.4.9 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 8 Continuous Phase Modulation Format Optical Systems
- Chapter 9 Frequency Discrimination Reception for Optical Minimum Shift Keying
- Chapter 10 Partial Responses and Single-Sideband Optical Modulation
- 10.1 Partial Responses: DBM Formats
- 10.2 DB Direct Detection Receiver
- 10.3 System Transmission and Performance
- 10.4 DWDM VSB Modulation-Format Optical transmission
- 10.5 Single-Sideband Modulation
- 10.6 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 11 OFDM Optical Transmission Systems
- Chapter 12 Digital Signal Processing in Optical Transmission Systems under Self-Homodyne Coherent Reception
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Electronic Digital Processing Equalization
- 12.3 System Representation of Equalized Transfer Function
- 12.4 Electrical Linear Double-Sampling Equalizers for Duobinary Modulation Formats for Optical Transmission
- 12.5 MLSE Equalizer for Optical MSK Systems
- 12.6 MLSE Scheme Performance
- 12.6.1 Performance of MLSE Schemes in 40 Gbps Transmission
- 12.6.2 Transmission of 10 Gbps Optical MSK Signals over 1472 km SSMF Uncompensated Optical Link
- 12.6.3 Performance Limits of Viterbi-MLSE Equalizers
- 12.6.4 Viterbi-MLSE Equalizers for PMD Mitigation
- 12.6.5 The Uncertainty and Transmission Limitation of the Equalization Process
- 12.7 Nonlinear MLSE Equalizers for MSK Optical Transmission Systems
- 12.8 Uncertainties in Optical Signal Transmission
- 12.9 Electronic Dispersion Compensation of Modulation Formats
- 12.10 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 13 DSP-Based Coherent Optical Transmission Systems
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Systems
- 13.2.1 Carrier Phase Recovery
- 13.2.2 112G QPSK Coherent Transmission Systems
- 13.2.3 I–Q Imbalance Estimation Results
- 13.2.4 Skew Estimation
- 13.2.5 Fractionally Spaced Equalization of CD and PMD
- 13.2.6 Linear and Nonlinear Equalization, and Back Propagation Compensation of Linear and Nonlinear Phase Distortion
- 13.3 16QAM Systems
- 13.4 Terabits/Second Superchannel Transmission Systems
- 13.4.1 Overview
- 13.4.2 Nyquist Pulse and Spectra
- 13.4.3 Superchannel System Requirements
- 13.4.4 System Structure
- 13.4.5 Timing Recovery in Nyquist QAM Channel
- 13.4.6 128 Gbps 16QAM Superchannel Transmission
- 13.4.7 450 Gbps 32QAM Nyquist Transmission Systems
- 13.4.8 DSP-Based Heterodyne Coherent Reception Systems
- 13.5 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 14 DSP Algorithms and Coherent Transmission Systems
- 14.1 Introduction
- 14.2 General Algorithms for Optical Communications Systems
- 14.2.1 Equalization of DAC-Limited Bandwidth for Tbps Transmission
- 14.2.2 Linear Equalization
- 14.2.2.1 Basic Assumptions
- 14.2.2.2 Zero-Forcing Linear Equalization
- 14.2.2.3 ZF-LE for Fiber as Transmission Channel
- 14.2.2.4 Feedback Transversal Filter
- 14.2.2.5 Tolerance to Additive Gaussian Noises
- 14.2.2.6 Equalization with Minimizing MSE in Equalized Signals
- 14.2.2.7 Constant Modulus Algorithm for Blind Equalization and Carrier Phase Recovery
- 14.2.3 NLE or DFE
- 14.3 Maximum A Posteriori Technique for Phase Estimation
- 14.4 Carrier Phase Estimation
- 14.5 Systems Performance of MLSE Equalizer–MSK Optical Transmission Systems
- 14.5.1 MLSE Equalizer for Optical MSK Systems
- 14.5.2 MLSE Scheme Performance
- 14.5.2.1 Performance of MLSE Schemes in 40 Gbps Transmission Systems
- 14.5.2.2 Transmission of 10 Gbps Optical MSK Signals over 1472 km SSMF Uncompensated Optical Links
- 14.5.2.3 Performance Limits of Viterbi-MLSE Equalizers
- 14.5.2.4 Viterbi-MLSE Equalizers for PMD Mitigation
- 14.5.2.5 Uncertainty and Transmission Limitation of the Equalization Process
- 14.6 Adaptive Joint CR and Turbo Decoding for Nyquist Terabit Optical Transmission in the Presence of Phase Noise
- References
- Chapter 15 Optical Soliton Transmission System
- 15.1 Introduction
- 15.2 Fundamentals of Nonlinear Propagation Theory
- 15.3 Numerical Approach
- 15.4 Fundamental and Higher-Order Solitons
- 15.5 Interaction of Fundamental Solitons
- 15.5.1 Two Solitons’ Interaction with Different Pulse Separation
- 15.5.2 Two Solitons’ Interaction with Different Relative Amplitude
- 15.5.3 Two Solitons’ Interaction under Different Relative Phases
- 15.5.4 Triple Solitons’ Interaction under Different Relative Phases
- 15.5.5 Triple Solitons’ Interaction with Different Relative Phases and r = 1.5
- 15.6 Soliton Pulse Transmission Systems and ISM
- 15.7 Interaction between Two Solitons in an Optical Fiber
- 15.8 Generation of Bound Solitons
- 15.9 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 16 Higher-Order Spectrum Coherent Receivers
- 16.1 Bispectrum Optical Receivers and Nonlinear Photonic Preprocessing
- 16.2 Nonlinear Photonic Signal Processing Using Higher-Order Spectra
- 16.3 System Applications of Third-Order Parametric Nonlinearity in Optical Signal Processing
- 16.4 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 17 Temporal Lens and Adaptive Electronic/Photonic Equalization
- 17.1 Introduction
- 17.2 Space–Time Duality and Equalization
- 17.3 Simulation of Transmission and Equalization
- 17.4 Equalization in 160 Gbps Transmission System
- 17.5 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Chapter 18 Comparison of Modulation Formats for Digital Optical Communications
- 18.1 Identification of Modulation Features for Combating Impairment Effects
- 18.2 Amplitude, Phase, and Frequency Modulation Formats in Dispersion-Compensating Span Transmission Systems
- 18.2.1 ASK—DPSK and DPSK—DQPSK under Self-Homodyne Reception
- 18.2.2 NRZ-ASK and NRZ-DPSK under Self-Homodyne Reception
- 18.2.3 RZ-ASK and RZ-DPSK under Self-Homodyne Reception
- 18.2.4 CSRZ-ASK and CSRZ-DPSK under Self-Homodyne Reception
- 18.2.5 ASK and DPSK Spectra
- 18.2.6 ASK and DPSK under Self-Homodyne Reception in Long-Haul Transmission
- 18.3 Nonlinear Effects in ASK and DPSK under Self-Homodyne Reception in Long-Haul Transmission
- 18.3.1 Performance of DWDM RZ-DPSK and CSRZ-DPSK
- 18.3.2 Nonlinear Effects on CSRZ-DPSK and RZ-DPSK
- 18.3.3 Nonlinear Effects on CSRZ-ASK and RZ-ASK
- 18.3.4 Continuous Phase versus Discrete Phase Shift Keying under Self-Homodyne Reception
- 18.3.5 Multi-Subcarrier versus Single/Dual Carrier Modulation under Self-Homodyne Reception
- 18.3.6 Multilevel versus Binary or I–Q Modulation under Self-Homodyne Reception
- 18.3.7 Single-Sideband and Partial Response Modulation under Self-Homodyne Reception
- 18.4 100 G and Tbps Homodyne Reception Transmission Systems
- 18.4.1 Generation of Multi-Subcarriers
- 18.4.2 Nyquist Signal Generation Using DAC by Equalization in Frequency Domain
- 18.4.3 Function Modules of a Nyquist-WDM System
- 18.4.4 DSP Architecture
- 18.4.5 Key Hardware Subsystems
- 18.4.6 Non-DCF 1 Tbps and 2 Tbps Superchannel Transmission Performance
- 18.4.7 Multicarrier Scheme Comparison
- 18.5 Modulation Formats and All-Optical Networking
- 18.6 Ultra-Fast Optical Networks
- 18.7 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Annex 1: Technical Data of Single-Mode Optical Fibers
- Annex 2: Coherent Balanced Receiver and Method for Noise Suppression
- Annex 3: RMS Definition and Power Measurement
- Annex 4: Power Budget
- Annex 5: Modeling of Digital Photonic Transmission Systems
- Index
To my parents
To my wife, Phuong, and my son, Lam.
-
No Comment
..................Content has been hidden....................
You can't read the all page of ebook, please click here login for view all page.