With the core aspects, ALM can be divided into three distinct areas, namely:

• Governance
• Development
• Operations

Let me illustrate the three core aspects with a simple example, that is, the iPhone's launch by Apple.

Governance encompasses all of the decision-making and project management across the entire firm. In our example, Apple runs the iPhone's business from the conceptual idea to the production roll-out of its multiple versions.

Development is defined as the process of creating the actual application. Practically, the development process reappears several times in an application's lifetime in the majority of enterprise applications. It involves both for upgrades and for wholly new versions. In our context, Apple releases multiple versions of the new iPhone, such as 4, 5, 6, etc. In addition, Apple launches periodic upgrades for existing iPhone devices.

Typically, operation is the work required to run and manage the application. It begins shortly before deployment and then runs continuously. As per our illustration, Apple provides after-sale support to resolve any maintenance issues for the end customers of iPhone products.