When we discussed objects at the beginning of this chapter, we saw that when we assigned a name to an object, Python creates the object, sets its value, and then points the name to it. We can assign different names to the same value and we expect different objects to be created, like this:

>>> a = 1000000
>>> b = 1000000
>>> id(a) == id(b)
False

In the preceding example, a and b are assigned to two int objects, which have the same value but they are not the same object, as you can see, their id is not the same. So let's do it again:

>>> a = 5
>>> b = 5
>>> id(a) == id(b)
True

Oh, oh! Is Python broken? Why are the two objects the same now? We didn't do a = b = 5, we set them up separately. Well, the answer is performances. Python caches short strings and small numbers, to avoid having many copies of them clogging up the system memory. Everything is handled properly under the hood so you don't need to worry a bit, but make sure that you remember this behavior should your code ever need to fiddle with IDs.