Index
absorption effect, 114
ac bridge, 26
ac voltmeter, 209
wide-range, 215
bar display with flasher, 62
current, 107
high-/low-limit comparator, 17
indicators and, 82
receiver signal, 71
ammeter, 41
six-decade range I, 45
six-decade range II, 46
bridge transducers, 24
differential two op-amp bridge-type, 21
low-power common-source, 24
thermocouple, 179
compensation, 185
anemometer, hot-wire, 103
audio power meter I, 138
audio power meter II, 138
audio-signal tracer, 110
charge/discharge indicator, 5
condition checker for car, 11
condition indicator, 7
for fuel cell testing, 10
equipment-on reminder, 7
level indicator, 3
lithium state-of-charge indicator, 9
low-battery indicator I, 2
low-battery indicator II, 3
low-voltage monitor, 6
monitor, 8
monitor for car, 11
monitoring circuits, 1–11
status indicator, 2
step-up switching regulator for 6-V, 9
threshold indicator, 3
undervoltage indicator for battery-operated equipment, 6
voltage monitor, 8
voltage monitor for HTS, 5
charger, 4
bipolar reference source, 216
ac, 26
accurate-null/variable-gain circuit, 25
amplifier for bridge transducers, 24
auto-zeroing scale, 25
balance indicator, 23
amplifier, 24
QRP SWR, 120–121
strain gauge bridge-signal conditioner, 27
with bridge excitation, 22
transducer amplifier, 22
two op-amp bridge-type differential amplifier, 21
cable tester, 164
3.5-digit a/d, 32
digital meter, 29
low-input buffer probe, 146
measuring circuits, 28–34
meter I, 33
meter II, 33
voltage meter, 30–31
battery monitoring, 1–11
bridge, 20–27
capacitance measuring, 28–34
comparator, 12–27
counter, 34–40
current-measuring, 40–48
dip-meter, 49–53
display, 54–64
field-strength meter, 65–73
frequency-measuring, 74–77
indicator, 78–82
light-measuring, 83–86
measuring/testing, 87–121
oscilloscope, 122–135
power-measuring, 136–139
probe, 140–159
resistance/continuity-measuring, 160–169
signal-injector, 170–171
sources, 217–223
tachometer, 172–175
temperature-measuring, 176–201
12-hour with gas-discharge display, 60
comparator circuit, 15
comparators, 18
circuits, 12–27
clock circuit, 15
diode feedback, 13
double-ended limit, 15
dual-limit, 17
dual-limit go/no-go tester, 18
high impedance, 18
high-/low-limit alarm, 17
inverting with hysteresis, 19
limit I, 15
limit II, 15
noninverting with hysteresis, 16
opposite-polarity input-voltage, 19
photodiode light, 86
time out, 16
undervoltage/overvoltage indicator, 13
variable hysteresis, 14
with hysteresis, 18
continuity See also (resistance)
audio tester, 161
buzz-box coil checker, 167
delicate circuit tester, 165
low-resistance tester, 167
measuring circuits, 160–169
tester, 166
counters See also (frequency counters)
circuits, 34–40
programmable low-power wide-range, 36–37
universal 10-MHz, 59
universal 40-MHz, 37
up/down extreme-count freezer, 39
CRO doubler, 134
line- monitor, 104
magnetic sensor, 104
measuring circuits, 40–48
monitor, 44
monitor and alarm, 107
supply rail sensor, 46
dc voltmeter, 207
high-input resistance, 206–207
differential amplifier, two op-amp bridge-type, 21
digital frequency meter, 102
feedback comparator, 13
zener diode checker, 88
circuits, 49–53
dual-gate IGFET (MOSFET), 50
gate-, 53
with separate diode detector, 52
grid-, 52
little dipper, 51
N-channel IGFET (MOSFET) and separate diode detector, 52
silicon junction FET, 53
varicap-tuned FET with 1kHz modulation, 50
10-MHz universal counter, 59
12-hour clock with gas-discharge, 60
60-dB dot mode display, 62
bar with alarm flasher, 62
circuits, 54–64
exclamation point, 57
expanded-scale meter, 56
frequency counter, 60
LED-bar/dot-level meter, 63
LED bar-graph driver, 64
LED bar peak meter, 57
LED brightness control, 58
low-cost bar-graph indicator for ac signals, 61
vacuum fluorescent, 55
duty cycle monitor, 109
DVM-to-temperature adapter, 193
I, 209
II, 213
curve tracer, 100
dual-trace oscilloscope switch, 131
field-strength meters, 68
adjustable-sensitivity, 73
circuits, 65–73
high-sensitivity, 72
I, 69
II, 70
III, 70
LF or HF, 66
on-the-air indicator, 71
receiver signal alarm, 71
RF-actuated relay, 71
sensitive, 69
simple, 73
transmission indicator, 72
tuned, 67
untuned, 67
VOM, 67
beat- indicator, 79
counter/tachometer, 76
low-cost indicator, 77
measuring circuits, 74–77
1.2-GHz, 38
10-MHz, 36
preamp, 35
precision, 60
tachometer, 105
audio, 75
digital, 102
linear, 76
power-line, 75
gas-discharge displays, 12-hour clock, 60
generators, pulse, 110
grid-dip effect See also (dip meters)
ground tester, 91
adjustable-sensitivity field-strength, 73
alarms and, 82
battery condition, 7
battery-charge/discharge, 5
beat-frequency, 79
bridge balance, 23
circuits, 78–82
equipment-on, 7
five-step voltage-level, 82
frequency See also (frequency meters)
lithium battery state-of-charge, 9
low-cost bar graph for ac signals, 61
low-voltage indicator, 212
on-the-air, 71
peak level, 99
stereo, 80
ten-step voltage-level, 81
three-step level, 79
transmission, 72
undervoltage for battery-operated equipment, 6
undervoltage/overvoltage comparator, 13
visible voltage, 215
visual, 80
voltage-level, 203
injector/tracer, 145
LC checker, 114
bar/dot-level meter, 63
bar-graph driver, 64
bar peak display meter, 57
brightness control, 58
panel meter, 119
peakmeter, 113–114
measuring circuits, 83–86
photodiode comparator, 86
I, 85
II, 85
III, 86
linear, 84
logarithmic, 84
line-current monitor, 104
linear variable differential transformer See (LVDT)
CMOS, 153
CMOS universal, 147
digital, 141
simple, 154
three discrete states, 157
with memory, 150
logic pulses, making audible, 91
logic tester, audible, 116
driver demodulator, 89
measuring gauge, 93
magnetometer, 98
current, 40–48
frequency, 74–77
light, 83–86
measuring/testing circuits, 87–121
power, 136–139
resistance/continuity, 160–169
temperature, 176–201
3-in-1 test set, 110
audible logic tester, 116
audio-signal tracer, 110
circuits, 87–121
continuity for PCBs, 97
continuity tester, 117
current monitor and alarm, 107
digital weight scale, 94
duty cycle monitor, 109
FET curve tracer, 100
go/no-go diode tester, 96
ground, 91
LC checker, 114
line-current monitor, 104
logic probe See (logic probes)
low-current measurement system, 117
low-power magnetic current sensor, 104
LVDT driver demodulator, 89
LVDT measuring gauge, 93
magnetometer, 98
making slow logic pulses audible, 91
minimum component tachometer, 92
optical pick-up tachometer, 119
paper sheet discriminator for printing/copying machines, 106
peak level indicator, 99
pH probe amplifier/temperature compensator, 95
phase difference, 90–91
precision calibration standard, 88
pulse generator, 110
pulse-width measurer, 120
QRP SWR bridge, 120–121
resistance-ratio detector, 97
SCR tester, 102
sensitive RF voltmeter, 92
sound-level monitor, 89
stud finder, 106
tachometer/direction-of-rotation, 115
transistor sorter/tester, 96
unidirectional motion sensor, 108
wire tracer, 101
zener diode checker, 88
meters See also (ammeter; dip-meters; field-strength meters; frequency meters; light meters; millivoltmeter; ohmmeter; picoammeter; voltmeter)
analog, 216
anemometer, 103
audio power I, 138
audio power II, 138
capacitance 3.5-digit a/d, 32
capacitance digital, 29
capacitance-to-voltage, 30–31
expanded-scale, 56
extended-range VU, 137
electrometer amplifier with overload protection, 42
LED bar peak display, 57
LED panel, 119
LED peak-, 113–114
LED-bar/dot-level, 63
magnetometer, 98
motor hour, 105
nanoammeter, 48
nanoampere sensing circuit with 100-MΩ input impedance, 44
optical pyrometer, 179
peak-dB, 121
pH low-cost, 95
phase, 88
power, 139
RF wide-range power, 112–113
S, 103
sound-level, 118
stereo power, 111
temperature, 182
vibration, 93
audio I, 211
audio II, 212
motion sensor, unidirectional, 108
motor hour meter, 105
add-on oscilloscope, 130
ohmmeter, 163
linear, 166
linear-scale I, 162
linear-scale II, 163
optical pick-up tachometer, 119
optical pyrometer, 179
10.7-MHz sweep generator, 135
add-on multiplexer, 130
analog multiplexer converts single-trace to four-trace, 126
beam splitter, 129
circle drawer, 133
circuits, 122–135
converter, 127
counter preamplifier, 128
CRO doubler, 134
eight-channel voltage display, 125
extender, 124
FET dual-trace switch, 131
monitor, 129
preamplifier, 130
sensitivity amplifier, 123
transmitter coupler for CB signals, 133
triggered-sweep, 128
peak-dB meter, 121
pH meter, low-cost, 95
pH probe amplifier/temperature compensator, 95
phase difference measurer, 90–91
phase meter, 88
photocopiers, paper sheet discriminator, 106
guarded-input, 45
60-MHz gain test, 139
measuring circuits, 136–139
power meter, 139
precision frequency counter/tachometer, 105
printers, paper sheet discriminator, 106
1, 000-MΩ dc, 156
audio/RF signal-tracer, 155
battery-powered ground-noise, 144
circuits, 140–159
clamp-on current-probe compensator, 151
FET, 148
injector/tracer, 145
logic See (logic probes)
low-input capacitance buffer, 146
microvolt, 152
pH detector, 148
prescaler, 142–143
RF, 159
RF detector, 158
RF for VOM, 153
RF I, 146–147
signal injector/tracer, 149
single injector-tracer, 158
tone, 159
TTL audible, 156
TTL logic tester, 155
programmable counter, low-power wide-range, 36–37
pulse generator, 110
pulse-width measurer, 120
resistance See also (continuity)
cable tester, 164
measuring circuits, 160–169
ratio detector, 97
ratiometric measurer, 161
single-chip checker, 169
RF detector, general purpose, 158
RF probe, 159
S meter, 103
SCR tester, 102
5-V powered, linearized platinum RTD, 188
strain gauge with bridge excitation, 22
strain-gauge bridge-, 27
CB transmitter coupler, 133
injector circuits, 170–171
injector I, 171
injector II, 171
sound-level meter, 118
sound-level monitor, 89
sources, 217–223
stereo indicator, 80
stereo power meter, 111
stud finder, 106
switching regulator, 6-V batteries, 9
tachometer, 174
calibrated, 175
circuits, 172–175
direction of rotation, 115
low-frequency, 173
minimum component, 92
optical pick-up, 119
digital, 177
measuring circuits, 176–201
optical pyrometer, 179
pH probe amplifier/temperature compensator, 95
thermocouple amplifier, 179
temperature meter, 182
temperature monitor, dual-output over-under, 184
0 to 63°C, 183
dvm interface, 191
four-channel, 194
high/low, 188
IC, 187
positive coefficient resistor, 198
remote, 179
temperature transducer, precision with remote sensor, 187
test circuits See (measuring/testing)
thermocouple amplifier, 179
with cold-junction compensation, 185
thermocouple multiplex system, 190
thermometer See also (temperature sensor)
µP-controlled digital, 186
0 to 100°C, 201
0 to 50°F, 199
adapter, 200–201
centigrade, 199
centigrade-calibrated thermocouple, 186
centigrade ground-referred, 198
centigrade ground-referred II, 198
curvature-corrected platinum RTD, 189
digital, 181
digital celsius/fahrenheit, 195
digital kelvin scale, 178
digital kelvin scale with zero adjust, 178
digital temperature-reporting, 196–197
electronic, 197
fahrenheit, 195
fahrenheit ground-referred, 201
implatable/ingestible electronic, 192
kelvin with ground-referred output, 199
linear, 200
lower power, 199
trimmed output, 199
variable-offset, 180
tone probe, 159
audio-signal, 110
audio/RF signal probe, 155
FET curve, 100
single injector, 158
signal injector probe, 149
wire, 101
transducer amplifier, 22
transistors, sorter/tester, 96
transmitter-oscilloscope coupler for CB signals, 133
triggered-sweep oscilloscopes, 128
audible, 156
logic tester, 155
vibration meter, 93
visual indicator, 80
4.5-digit DVM, 204
bipolar reference source, 216
-detector relay for battery charger, 4
expanded-scale analog meter, 216
freezer, 207
full-scale four-decade 3.5-digit DVM, 205
indicator/monitor circuits, 202–215
-level indicator, 203
-level sensor, 213–214
over/under monitor, 206
peak program detector, 214
visible indicator, 215
voltmeter See also (ac voltmeter; dc voltmeter; FET voltmeter; millivoltmeter; RF voltmeter)
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