- Cover
- Half Title
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Dedication
- Table of Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Preface
- Contributors
- 1 Visual Cryptography from Halftone Error Diffusion
- 2 Visual Cryptography for Color Images
- 3 Visual Cryptography for Multiple Secrets
- 4 Extended Visual Cryptography for Photograph Images
- 5 Probabilistic Visual Cryptography Schemes
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Visual Cryptography Schemes
- 5.3 Canonical Probabilistic Schemes
- 5.4 Probabilistic Schemes with No Pixel Expansion
- 5.5 Trading Pixel Expansion with Probabilities
- 5.6 Constructing Probabilistic Schemes
- 5.7 Probabilistic Schemes with Boolean Operations
- 5.8 Conclusions and Open Problems
- Bibliography
- 6 XOR-Based Visual Cryptography
- 7 Visual Cryptography and Random Grids
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Random Grids
- 7.3 Visual Cryptograms of Random Grids
- 7.3.1 Definition of VCRG
- 7.3.2 (2, 2)-VCRG Algorithms for Binary Images
- 7.3.3 Experiments for (2, 2)-VCRG
- 7.3.4 Definition of Light Contrast and Performance Evaluation
- 7.3.5 Algorithms of (n, n)-VCRG for Binary Images
- 7.3.6 Algorithms of (n, n)-VCRG for Gray-Level and Color Images
- 7.3.7 Experiments for (n, n)-VCRG
- 7.4 Concluding Remarks
- Bibliography
- 8 Visual Cryptography and Contrast Bounds
- 9 Visual Cryptography Schemes with Reversing
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Visual Cryptography Schemes
- 9.3 Almost Ideal Contrast VCS with Reversing
- 9.4 Ideal Contrast VCS with Reversing
- 9.4.1 A Construction Using a Binary Secret Sharing Scheme
- 9.4.2 Constructions Using Perfect Black VCSs
- 9.4.2.1 The Scheme by Cimato, De Santis, Ferrara, and Masucci
- 9.4.2.2 The Scheme by Hu and Tzeng
- 9.4.2.3 The Scheme by Yang, Wang, and Chen
- 9.4.2.4 Comparisons
- 9.4.3 A Construction Using a Nonperfect Black VCS
- 9.5 Conclusions
- Bibliography
- 10 Cheating Prevention in Visual Cryptography
- 11 Resolving the Alignment Problem in Visual Cryptography
- 12 Applications of Visual Cryptography
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Trojan-Secure Confirmation of Transactions
- 12.3 Trojan-Secure Authentication Using a PIN
- 12.4 Security versus Multiple Use
- 12.5 Using Refraction
- 12.6 Technical Problems Concerning Adjustment and Parallaxes
- 12.7 Voting with a Receipt Based on visual cryptography
- 12.8 Conclusion
- Bibliography
- 13 Steganography in Halftone Images
- 14 Image Secret Sharing
- 15 Polynomial-Based Image Sharing
- 16 Image Sharing with Steganography and Authentication
- 17 Two-Decoding-Option Image Sharing Method
- Index
To the memory of my adviser, C.S. Laih, whose guidance and support have
made my achievements possible.—C. N. Yang
To my beloved family, Imma and Silvia, stars shining into my life.
—S. Cimato
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