Index
Symbols
-- postfix decrement operator 96
-- prefix decrement operator 96
^ (bitwise exclusive OR operator) 621
, 669
^= (bitwise exclusive OR assignment operator) 515, 629
, 669
, (comma operator) 104
:: (binary scope resolution operator) 298
:: (scope resolution operator) 60
:: (unary scope resolution operator) 668, 672
:: unary scope resolution operator 169
! (logical NOT operator) 123, 124
, 668
truth table 125
!= (inequality operator) 32, 668
?: (ternary conditional operator) 75
, 181
.* (pointer-to-member operator) 670
, 672
.* and ->* operators 670
' ', null character 253
'
', newline character 252
[] (operator for map) 507
* (multiplication operator) 29
* (pointer dereference or indirection operator) 232
, 232
*= (multiplication assignment operator) 96
/ (division operator) 29
/* */ (C-style multiline comment) 21
// (single-line comment) 20
/= (division assignment operator) 96
' (single-quote-character) escape sequence 23
" (double-quote-character) escape sequence 23
\ (backslash-character) escape sequence 23
a (alert) escape sequence 23
(newline) escape sequence 23
(carriage-return) escape sequence 23
(tab) escape sequence 23
& (address operator) 669
& (bitwise AND) 621
& in a parameter list 166
& to declare reference 165
&& (logical AND operator) 123
, 181, 668
truth table 123
&= (bitwise AND assignment operator) 515, 629
, 669
# preprocessor operator 791, 796
## preprocessor operator 796
#pragma preprocessing directive 796
#undef preprocessing directive 794
% (modulus operator) 29
%= (modulus assignment operator) 96
++ (postfix increment operator) 96
on an iterator 480
++ (prefix increment operator) 96
on an iterator 480
+= (addition assignment operator) 95
string concatenation 595
< (less-than operator) 32
<< (left-shift operator) 621
<< (stream insertion operator) 22
, 28
<<= (left-shift assignment operator) 629
<= (less-than-or-equal-to operator) 32
<algorithm> header 558
<algorithm> header 558
<forward_list> header 494
<unordered_map> header 505, 507
<unordered_set> header 501, 504
= (assignment operator) 27, 29, 125
-= (subtraction assignment operator) 96
== (equality operator) 32, 125
> (greater-than operator) 32
-> (member selection via pointer) 672
->* (pointer-to-member operator) 670
>= (greater-than-or-equal-to operator) 32
>> (right shift operator) 621
>>= (right shift with sign extension assignment operator) 629
| (bitwise inclusive OR operator) 621
, 669
|= (bitwise inclusive OR assignment operator) 515, 629
, 669
|| (logical OR operator) 123, 124
, 668
truth table 124
|| logical OR operator 181
~ (bitwise complement operator) 621
, 669
Numerics
0X 432
0x 432
2-D array 211
A
abbreviating assignment expressions 95
abort 797
absolute value 131
abstract base class 390 , 391, 738
abstract class 390 , 391, 392, 407
abstract operation in the UML 734
access a global variable 169
access function 265
access non-static class data members and member functions 301
access private member of a class 47
access specifier 39 , 47, 291, 726
private 47
protected 258
public 47
access the caller’s data 164
access violation 476
accessor 49
Account class (ATM case study) 690, 693, 697, 699, 700, 708, 715, 716, 718, 720, 732, 772
accounts-receivable system 446
accumulate algorithm 529, 532
, 553, 555, 559
accumulated outputs 28
action expression 71
action expression in the UML 705
action of an object 704
action state 71
action state in the UML 705
action state symbol 71
activation in a UML sequence diagram 720
activation record 159
activity diagram 70, 71, 78, 105
do...while statement 111
for statement 106
if statement 74
if...else statement 75
in the UML 690 , 704, 706, 723
sequence statement 71
switch statement 120
while statement 79
activity in the UML 690 , 703 , 707
activity of a portion of a software system 71
actor in use case in the UML 689
adapter 509
add a new account to a file 472
add an integer to a pointer 247
addition 29
addition assignment operator (+=) 95
addition program that displays the sum of two numbers 24
address of a bit field 633
address operator (&) 231, 232, 234, 308, 672
addressable storage unit 633
adjacent_difference algorithm 559
adjacent_find algorithm 558
aiming a derived-class pointer at a base-class object 381
airline reservation system 456
alert escape sequence ('a') 23, 637
algebraic expression 29
copy_backward 539
copy_n 541
equal 523
includes 544
is_heap 551
is_heap_until 551
lexicographical_compare 524
lower_bound 548
make_heap 550
max 552
min 552
minmax 552
move 540
move_backward 540
pop_heap 551
push_heap 551
remove_copy 526
replace 529
separated from container 519
set_symmetric_difference 543, 545
sort_heap 550
upper_bound 548
for the name of an object 276
alignment 617
all 514
all_of algorithm 533, 536
, 558
allocate 321
allocate dynamic memory 575
allocator 493
allocator_type 479
alphabetizing strings 643
alter the flow of control 121
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 2
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) 116
analysis stage of the software life cycle 688
analyzing a project’s requirements 683
and operator keyword 668
and_eq operator keyword 669
“ANDed” 623
Android 16
operating system 16
smartphone 16
angle brackets (< and >) 173, 791
angle brackets (< and >) in templates 583
anonymous function objects 518
ANSI (American National Standards Institute) 2
ANSI/ISO 9899: 1990 2
any 514
any_of algorithm 533, 536
, 558
Apache Software Foundation 15
append 595
append data to a file 447, 448
Apple Inc. 16
Apple Macintosh 16
argument coercion 138
argument for a macro 792
argument to a function 41
arguments in correct order 136
arguments passed to member-object constructors 283
arithmetic assignment operators 95, 96
arithmetic calculations 28
arithmetic mean 30
arithmetic operator 28
arithmetic overflow error 579
arithmetic underflow error 579
“arity” of an operator 309
<array> header 140
array
name 250
notation for accessing elements 251
subscripting 251
array 187
bounds checking 198
Array class 324
Array class definition with overloaded operators 328
Array class member-function and friend function definitions 329
array class template 186
Array class test program 324
array subscript operator ([]) 328
arrow 71
arrow member selection operator (->) 265
arrow operator (->) 293
arrowhead in a UML sequence diagram 720
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
assert 797
assign member function of class string 593
assign member function of list 498
assign one iterator to another 484
assigning addresses of base-class and derived-class objects to base-class and derived-class pointers 378
assigning class objects 279
assignment operator functions 333
assignment operators 27 , 35, 95 , 279, 308, 480
*= multiplication assignment operator 96
/= division assignment operator 96
%= modulus assignment operator 96
+= addition assignment operator 95
-= subtraction assignment operator 96
associate from left to right 35, 98
associate from right to left 35, 98, 116
association 508
association (in the UML) 694 , 695, 696, 728, 729
name 695
associative container 480, 483, 500, 503
associative container functions
count 503
equal_range 503
find 503
lower_bound 503
upper_bound 503
associativity chart 35
associativity not changed by overloading 309
associativity of operators 29 , 35
asterisk (*) 28
asynchronous call 717
asynchronous event 570
class vector 226
ATM (automated teller machine) case study 683, 688
ATM class (ATM case study) 693, 694, 695, 699, 702, 703, 708, 714, 715, 716, 717, 718, 727
ATM system 689, 690, 691, 692, 693, 698, 703, 707, 726
atof 647
atoi 647
atol 648
compartment in a class diagram 701
declaration in the UML 701, 703
in the UML 5, 41, 693, 698, 700, 701 , 703, 707, 736
name in the UML 701
of a class 4
of an object 5
attributes of a variable 152
auto keyword 213
auto_ptr object manages dynamically allocated memory 577
automated teller machine 456
automated teller machine (ATM) 683, 684, 688
user interface 684
automatic array 188
automatic array initialization 199
automatic local array 199
automatic local variable 153, 156, 167
automatic object 571
automatic storage class 152 , 200
automatic storage duration 153
automatically destroyed 156
average 30
avoid naming conflicts 291
avoid repeating code 270
B
back member function of queue 511
back member function of sequence containers 492
back_inserter function template 540
, 542
backslash escape sequence (\) 23
backward traversal 607
bad member function 442
bad_alloc exception 493, 572
, 574, 578
bad_cast exception 578
bad_typeid exception 578
badbit 449
BalanceInquiry class (ATM case study) 693, 696, 699, 700, 702, 704, 708, 715, 716, 717, 718, 727, 733, 734, 735
Bank account program 466
BankDatabase class (ATM case study) 693, 697, 699, 708, 715, 716, 717, 718, 720, 727, 729
banking system 456
bar chart printing program 194
base-class catch 578
base-class constructor 370
base-class exception 578
base-class member accessibility in derived class 371
base-class pointer to a derived-class object 389
base-class private member 361
base-class subobject 678
base e 132
base specified for a stream 436
base-10 number system 132, 432
base-16 number system 432
base-8 number system 432
base-class initializer syntax 359
base-class member function redefined in a derived class 368
BasePlusCommissionEmployee class header 402
BasePlusCommissionEmployee class implementation file 402
BasePlusCommissionEmployee class represents an employee who receives a base salary in addition to a commission 352
BasePlusCommissionEmployee class test program 355
BasePlusCommissionEmployee class that inherits from class CommissionEmployee, which does not provide protected data 367
basic searching and sorting algorithms of the Standard Library 533
basic_fstream class template 420
, 446
basic_ifstream class template 420
, 445
basic_ios class template 418, 677
basic_iostream class template 418
, 420, 446, 677
basic_istream class template 418
, 446, 677
basic_istringstream class template 609
basic_ofstream class template 446
basic_ostream class template 420
, 446, 677
basic_ostringstream class template 609
basic_string class template 592
begin function 240
begin iterator 608
begin member function of class string 608
begin member function of containers 479
begin member function of first-class containers 480
beginning of a file 452
beginning of a stream 452
behavior 707
of a class 4
behavior of the system 703, 704, 707, 716
bell 23
Bell Laboratories 2
bidirectional iterator 482, 483, 494, 501, 504, 505, 518, 540, 541, 542
bidirectional iterator operations 484
bidirectional navigability in the UML 727
binary (base 2) number system 781
binary arithmetic operator 90
binary function 553
binary function object 553
binary number 634
binary number system 650
binary predicate function 497, 523, 532, 536, 540, 545, 550
binary_search algorithm 209
, 533, 536
, 558
bit 616
bit-field manipulation 633
bit-field member of structure 631
bit fields save space 633
bit manipulation 621
bitand operator keyword 669
bitor operator keyword 669
“bits-and-bytes” level 621
<bitset> header 140
bitwise AND assignment 669
bitwise AND assignment operator (&=) 629
bitwise AND operator (&) 621
, 621, 624, 626
bitwise AND, bitwise inclusive-OR, bitwise exclusive-OR and bitwise complement operators 624
bitwise assignment operator keywords 669
bitwise assignment operators 515, 629
bitwise complement operator (~) 621
, 624, 627, 629, 788
bitwise exclusive OR 669
bitwise exclusive OR assignment operator (^=) 629
bitwise exclusive OR operator (^) 621
, 624, 627
bitwise inclusive OR 669
bitwise inclusive OR assignment operator (|=) 629
bitwise inclusive OR operator (|) 461, 621
, 624, 626
bitwise left-shift operator (<<) 304, 627
bitwise logical OR 515
bitwise operator keywords 669
bitwise operators 621, 622, 629
bitwise right-shift operator (>>) 304
bitwise shift operator 627
BlackBerry OS 15
block 34 , 44, 66, 77 , 89, 153, 155, 156
block is active 153
block is exited 153
block of data 655
variable 265
body of a class definition 39
body of a function 21 , 22, 40
Booch, Grady 684
bool data type 74
bool value false 74
bool value true 74
boolalpha stream manipulator 125
, 432, 438
Boolean attribute in the UML 699
Boost C++ Libraries 17
boundary of a storage unit 633
bounds checking 198
braces ({}) 22, 34, 66, 77, 89, 117
braces in a do...while statement 112
bracket ([]) 187
break statement exiting a for statement 121
brittle software 364
buffer is filled 420
buffer is flushed 420
buffer overflow 198
buffered output 420
buffered standard error stream 418
buffering 443
building-block approach 3
business-critical computing 565
byte 621
C
.C extension 6
C-like pointer-based array 477
C string 252
c_str member function of class string 607
C++ 2
C++ compiler 7
C++ development environment 7, 8
C++ Standard Library 3
<string> file 43
class template vector 221
header location 57
headers 139
string class 43
all_of algorithm 536
anonymous function objects 518
any_of algorithm 536
associative container keys are immutable 477
cbegin container member function 489
cend container member function 489
compiler fix for types ending in >> 502
copy_n algorithm 541
crbegin container member function 490
crend container member function 490
default type arguments for function template type parameters 589
delegating constructor 271
find_if_not algorithm 537
forward_list class template 476, 494
insert container member function (now returns an iterator) 493
, 494
iota algorithm 559
is_heap algorithm 551
is_heap_until algorithm 551
list initialization of a return type 507
list initialization of associative container 507
list initializer 271
list initializers 490
minmax algorithm 552
minmax_element algorithm 532
, 553
move algorithm 540
move assignment operator 478
move constructor 478
move_backward algorithm 540
noexcept 571
none_of algorithm 536
non-member container swap function 478
nullptr constant 230
override 384
random-number generation 195
scoped enum 150
shrink_to_fit container member function for vector and deque 490
specifying an enum’s integral type 150
stod function 612
stof function 612
stoi function 612
stol function 612
stold function 612
stoll function 612
stoul function 612
stoull function 612
to_string function 612
trailing return types for functions 175
unique_ptr class template 575, 575
, 578
unordered_multimap class template 477
unordered_multiset class template 477
unordered_set class template 477
call a function 41
call stack 242
calling function (caller) 40 , 47
calling functions by reference 233
camel case 39
capacity member function
of string 601
of vector 488
capacity of a string 599
Card Shuffling and Dealing
carriage return ('
') escape sequence 23, 634, 637
carry bit 788
cascading member function calls 293 , 294, 296
cascading stream insertion operations 28
case sensitive 26
CashDispenser class (ATM case study) 693, 695, 699, 700, 708, 720
casino 146
cast 249
downcast 383
cast away const-ness 662
cast expression 794
cast operator 85 , 90, 139, 337, 338
cast operator function 337
cast variable visible in debugger 792
catch a base class object 578
catch all exceptions 579
catch block 226
catch clause (or handler) 566, 570
catch handler 564
catch related errors 572
catch(...) 579
cbegin member function of containers 479
cbegin member function of vector 489
CD 445
ceil function 131
cend member function of containers 479
cend member function of vector 489
cerr (standard error stream) 9
, 66, 418, 419, 445
<cfloat> header 141
chaining stream insertion operations 28
char ** 648
char data type 26, 116
, 139, 606, 621
char16_t 418
char32_t 418
character 616
character constant 252
character-handling functions 634
isdigit, isalpha, isalnum and isxdigit 635
islower, isupper, tolower and toupper 636
isspace, iscntrl, ispunct, isprint and isgraph 637
character presentation 141
character sequences 456
character set 120
character’s numerical representation 116
characters represented as numeric codes 644
character-string manipulation 633
checked access 595
cin (standard input stream) 9, 27, 418, 419, 445, 449
function getline 254
cin.clear 442
cin.get function 115, 116, 423
cin.tie function 443
circular include 730
class 4 , 701, 707, 711, 726, 792
attribute 45
client-code programmer 62
constructor 50
define a constructor 52
define a member function 38
implementation programmer 62
instance of 46
interface 58
interface described by function prototypes 58
member function 38
member-function implementations in a separate source-code file 59
name 728
naming convention 39
object of 46
public services 58
services 49
class average on a quiz 79
class average problem 79
class definition 39
class development 324
class diagram
for the ATM system model 697, 722
in the UML 690 , 693 , 696, 698, 701, 708, 726, 729, 735, 736, 737
class diagram (UML) 41
class hierarchy 344 , 389, 391
class-implementation programmer 62
class libraries 109
class library 372
class members default to private access 616
class-scope variable is hidden 265
auto_ptr 575
definition 582
scope 585
specialization 582
class variable 207
Classes 3
Array 324
exception 562
invalid_argument 578
multimap 505
out_of_range exception class 226
priority_queue 512
set 504
stack 509
string 43
unique_ptr 575
vector 221
classic stream libraries 417
clear function of ios_base 442
clear member function of containers 479
clear member function of first-class containers 494
client code 376
client-code programmer 62
client of an object 48
<climits> header 141
clog (standard error buffered) 418, 419, 445
close member function of ofstream 450
code 5
CodeLite 7
coin tossing 141
collaboration diagram in the UML 691 , 716
collaboration in the UML 714
column 211
column headings 189
column subscript 211
comma-separated list
of parameters 136 25 , 35, 104, 230
command-line argument 240
comma-separated list of base classes 675
comment 20
CommissionEmployee class header 399
CommissionEmployee class implementation file 400
CommissionEmployee class represents an employee paid a percentage of gross sales 347
CommissionEmployee class test program 350
CommissionEmployee class uses member functions to manipulate its private data 365
Common Programming Errors overview xxiii
communication diagram in the UML 691 , 716 , 717
commutative 336
commutative operation 336
comparator function object 501, 505
comparator function object less 501
, 512
compare iterators 484
compare member function of class string 597
comparing
comparing blocks of memory 655
comparing strings 595
compilation error 95
compilation unit 667
compile 7
compiling
multiple-source-file program 63
compl operator keyword 669
complement operator (~) 621
complex conditions 123
component 3
composition 264 , 283 , 287, 343, 346, 695 , 696, 721
compound interest 108
calculation with for 108
compound statement 34
computing the sum of the elements of an array 193
concatenate 595
stream insertion operations 28
strings 641
concrete class 390
concrete derived class 395
condition 32 , 73, 75, 111, 122
conditional compilation 791 , 794
conditional execution of preprocessing directives 791
conditional expression 75
conditional operator (?:) 75
conditional preprocessing directives 794
conditionally compiled output statement 795
confusing equality (==) and assignment (=) operators 32, 127
conserving memory 153
consistent state 65
const keyword 163
const member function 40
, 281
const member function on a const object 282
const member function on a non-const object 282
const object must be initialized 192
const objects and const member functions 282
const qualifier 191
, 240, 661
const qualifier before type specifier in parameter declaration 166
const variables must be initialized 192
const version of operator[] 335
const with function parameters 240
const_cast
cast away const-ness 662
const_cast demonstration 662
const_cast operator 661
, 662, 663
const_iterator 479, 480, 481, 483, 484, 503, 505, 608
const_pointer 479
const_reference 479
const_reverse_iterator 479, 480, 484, 490, 608
constant integral expression 119
constant pointer
to an integer constant 243
to constant data 241, 243, 244
constant reference 334
constant reference parameter 166
constant variable 191
“const-ness” 663
constructed inside out 288
constructor 50
cannot be virtual 389
cannot specify a return type 50
copy 332
default 53
default arguments 269
defining 52
explicit 339
function prototype 59
in a UML class diagram 54
inherit 370
inherit from base class 370
naming 52
parameter list 52
constructors and destructors called automatically 272
container adapter 476 , 477 , 483, 509
priority_queue 512
queue 511
stack 509
pop 509
push 509
containers
begin function 479
cbegin function 479
cend function 479
clear function 479
crbegin function 479
crend function 479
empty function 478
end function 479
erase function 479
insert function 478
max_size function 478
rbegin function 479
rend function 479
size function 478
swap function 478
continue statement 121
continue statement terminating a single iteration of a for statement 122
control characters 637
nesting 73
stacking 73
control statements 73
do...while repetition statement 72
for repetition statement 72
if 32
if single-selection statement 71
if...else double-selection statement 72
nested if...else 77
nesting 92
repetition statement 73
selection statement 73
sequence statement 73
while repetition statement 72
control variable 102
control-variable name 104
controlling expression 117
converge on the base case 182
conversion constructor 337 , 339
conversion operator 337
explicit 340
conversions among fundamental types
by cast 337
convert a binary number to decimal 786
convert a hexadecimal number to decimal 786
convert among user-defined types and built-in types 337
convert an octal number to decimal 786
convert between types 337
convert lowercase letters 140
convert strings to floating-point types 612
convert strings to integral types 612
converting strings to C-style strings and character arrays 606
copy assignment 279
copy constructor 280 , 287, 327 , 332, 334, 370, 478, 480
copy member function of class string 461, 607
copy of the argument 241
copy_backward algorithm 539
, 558
copy_if algorithm 558
copy-and-paste approach 356
copying strings 640
correct number of arguments 136
correct order of arguments 136
correctly initializing and using a constant variable 191
cos function 131
cosine 131
count algorithm 529, 532
, 558
count function of associative container 503
count_if algorithm 529, 532
, 558
counter 154
counter-controlled repetition 79 , 88, 92, 101, 182
counter-controlled repetition with the for statement 103
counter variable 82
counting loop 102
cout (<<) (the standard output stream) 418, 419, 445
cout (standard output stream) 9
cout (the standard output stream) 21, 24, 27
cout.put 421
cout.write 426
__cplusplus predefined symbolic constant 797
.cpp extension 6
CPU (central processing unit) 8
craps simulation 146, 147, 150
crbegin member function of containers 479
crbegin member function of vector 490
create an object (instance) 40
create your own data types 28
CreateAndDestroy class
definition 273
member-function definitions 274
creating a random access file 457
Creating a random-access file with 100 blank records sequentially 461
Creating a sequential file 447
creating an association 508
Credit inquiry program 453
credit processing program 458
crend member function of containers 479
crend member function of vector 490
<cstdio> header 141
<csdtlib> header 574
<cstdlib> header 140, 141, 646
Ctrl key 116
<cstdlib> header 142
current position in a stream 452
cursor 22
.cxx extension 6
D
dangerous pointer manipulation 407
dangling-else problem 77
dangling pointer 333
dangling reference 167
data member function of class string 607
data members 38
data persistence 445
data structures 475
data types
bool 74
int 25
long 120
long double 138
long long int 138
short 120
short int 120
unsigned 145
unsigned char 139
unsigned long 138
unsigned long int 138
unsigned long long 138
unsigned long long int 138
unsigned short 139
unsigned short int 139
data types in the UML 44
Date class definition 283
Date class definition with overloaded increment operators 316
Date class member function definitions 284
Date class member-function and friend-function definitions 317
Date class test program 319
__DATE__ predefined symbolic constant 797
date source file is compiled 797
deallocate 321
debugger 792
debugging 144
debugging aid 795
debugging tool 797
dec stream manipulator 427
, 432, 436
decimal (base 10) number system 649, 650, 781
decimal (base-10) number system 432
decimal point 85, 90, 91, 109, 421, 432
decision 74
decision in the UML 705
decision symbol 74
declaration 25
declaration of a function 59
declaring a static member function const 301
decrement
a pointer 247
decrement a control variable 101
decrement operator (--) 96
decrement operators 315
default access mode for class is private 47
default arguments with constructors 266
default constructor 51 , 53, 267, 288, 316, 327, 332, 370, 478
provided by the compiler 53
provided by the programmer 53
default copy constructor 287
default delimiter 425
default memberwise assignment 279
default memberwise copy 332
default precision 90
default to decimal 436
default to public access 616
default type argument for a type parameter 589
default type arguments for function template type parameters 589
default_random_engine 151
define a constructor 52
define a member function of a class 38
Define class GradeBook with a member function displayMessage, create a GradeBook object, and call its displayMessage function 38
Define class GradeBook with a member function that takes a parameter, create a GradeBook object and call its displayMessage function 42
#define NDEBUG 797
#define PI 3.14159 792
#define preprocessing directive 792
#define preprocessor directive 259
defining occurrence 9
definition 101
Deitel Buzz Online newsletter 18
delegating constructor 271
delete [] (dynamic array deallocation) 323
delete a record from a file 472
deleting dynamically allocated memory 333
delimiter (with default value '
') 423
delimiting characters 644
Deposit class (ATM case study) 693, 696, 699, 700, 708, 715, 716, 724, 727, 733, 734
DepositSlot class (ATM case study) 693, 695, 699, 708, 716, 728
push_front function 499
shrink_to_fit member function 490
dereference
a const iterator 482
a null pointer 232
an iterator positioned outside its container 490
dereferencing operator (*) 232
derive one class from another 264
derived class 343 , 345, 372, 733, 734
indirect 401
derived-class catch 578
descriptive words and phrases 699, 701
deserialized object 473
design process 5 , 683, 689, 708, 713
design specification 689
called in reverse order of constructors 272
destructor in a derived class 370
destructors called in reverse order 370
Dev C++ 7
diagnostics that aid program debugging 141
diamond inheritance 677
dice game 146
die rolling
using an array instead of switch 195
difference_type 480
direct base class 345
directly reference a value 229
disk drive 417
disk I/O completion 570
displacement 410
divide by zero 9
DivideByZeroException 566
divides function object 554
division 29
do...while repetition statement 72
, 110, 111
dollar amount 109
dot (.) operator 40
dot operator (.) 265, 293, 384, 576
dotted line 71
double 26
double data type 85
, 108, 138
double-ended queue 498
double-precision floating-point number 89
double-selection statement 72
double-word boundary 617
“doubly initializing” member objects 288
downcasting 383
driver program 55
dummy value 85
DVD 445
dynamic binding 384 , 406, 407, 410
dynamic casting 411
dynamic data structure 229
dynamic memory 575
dynamic memory management 321
dynamic storage duration 153
dynamically allocate array of integers 328
dynamically allocated memory 279, 280, 333, 389, 575
allocate and deallocate storage 272
dynamically allocated storage 332
dynamically determine function to execute 383
E
Eclipse 7
Eclipse Foundation 15
edit 6
edit a program 6
editor 6
element of an array 186
elided UML diagram 694
#elif 795
emacs 6
embedded parentheses 29
embedded system 15
Employee class 283
definition showing composition 285
definition with a static data member to track the number of Employee objects in memory 299
header 394
implementation file 395
member-function definitions 286, 299
empty member function
of containers 478
of priority_queue 513
of queue 511
of sequence container 493
of stack 509
empty statement 78
encapsulate 47
encapsulation 5 , 49, 262, 278, 288
end function 240
end line 28
end member function of class string 608
end member function of containers 479
end member function of first-class container 480
end of a sequence 536
end of a stream 452
“end of data entry” 85
end-of-file 116, 117, 254, 442
#endif preprocessing directive 795
#endif preprocessor directive 259
end-of-file 449
end-of-file indicator 449
end-of-file key combination 449
end-of-file marker 445
Enter key 27
enum
scoped 150
specifying underlying integral type 150
unscoped 150
enum class 150
enum keyword 149
enum struct 150
enumeration constant 149 , 794
eofbit of stream 442
equal to 32
equal_range algorithm 546, 548
, 558
equal_range function of associative container 503
equal_to function object 554
equality and relational operators 33
equality operator (==) 324, 480
equality operators (== and !=) 74, 123
equation of straight line 30
erase 603
erase member function of class string 603
erase member function of containers 479
erase member function of first-class containers 493
e-reader device 16
#error preprocessing directive 795
error
off-by-one 104
error bits 425
error detected in a constructor 571
error state of a stream 422, 440, 441
escape character 22
escape early from a loop 121
escape sequences
' (single-quote character) 23
" (double-quote character) 23
\ (backslash character) 23
a (alert) 23
(newline) 23
(carriage return) 23
event 703
<exception> header 140
handler 225
handling 221
parameter 226
what virtual function 562
exception classes derived from common base class 572
out_of_range exception class 226
what member function of an exception object 226
exception object 566
exception parameter 564
exceptional condition 118
Exceptions 226
bad_alloc 572
bad_cast 578
bad_typeid 578
length_error 578
logic_error 578
overflow_error 578
underflow_error 579
executable image 8
executable program 7
execution-time error 9
execution-time overhead 407
exit 449
exit a function 23
EXIT_FAILURE 449
EXIT_SUCCESS 449
exp function 131
expand a macro 793
explicit constructor 339
explicit conversion 90
conversion operators 340
exponential “explosion” of calls 182
exponential complexity 182
exponential function 131
extensibility 376
extensibility of C++ 314
extensible language 179
extensible markup language (XML) 473
extensible programming language 40
extern keyword 154
extern storage-class specifier 152
F
fabs function 131
Facebook 15
fail member function 442
failbit 449
failbit of stream 422
, 426, 442
false 32
fatal logic error 32
fatal runtime error 9
fault-tolerant programs 225 , 561
field width 110 , 189, 426, 429
fields larger than values being printed 435
FIFO (first-in, first-out) 511
file of n bytes 445
file open modes
ios::app 447
ios::ate 448
ios::out 447
ios::trunc 448
__FILE__ predefined symbolic constant 796
filename extensions 6
file-position pointer 452 , 464, 472
file-processing classes 420
fill character 261 , 426, 429 , 434, 435
fill member function of basic_ios 442
fill_n algorithm 520
, 521, 558
final
class 389
member function 389
final state 71
final state in the UML 705
final value of a control variable 101 , 105
find function of associative container 503
find member function of class string 601, 603
find_end algorithm 558
find_first_not_of member function of class string 603
find_first_of algorithm 558
find_first_of member function of class string 603
find_if algorithm 533, 536
, 558
find_if_not algorithm 533, 537
, 558
find_last_of member function of class string 603
finding strings and characters in a string 601
first data member of pair 503
first-in, first-out (FIFO) data structure 511
first-class container 477 , 479, 480, 483, 489, 494
begin member function 480
clear function 494
end member function 480
erase function 493
first-in, first-out (FIFO) 477, 498
fixed-point format 91
fixed-point value 110
fixed stream manipulator 91
, 432, 433, 437
fixed-size data structure 238
flag value 85
flags member function of ios_base 439
flash drive 445
floating-point arithmetic 304
floating-point division 90
floating-point literal 89
double by default 89
double data type 85
double precision 89
float data type 85
single precision 89
floating-point size limits 141
floating-point number in scientific format 437
floor function 131
flow of control in the if...else statement 75
flow of control of a virtual function call 408
flush buffer 443
flush output buffer 28
flushing stream 426
fmod function 131
fmtflags data type 439
for repetition statement 72
, 102
, 104
for repetition statement examples 105
for_each algorithm 529, 533
, 558
force a decimal point 421
forcing a plus sign 434
formal parameter 136
formal type parameter 173
format error 442
format of floating-point numbers in scientific format 437
format-state stream manipulators 432
formatted data file processing 445
formatted I/O 417
formatted input/output 456
formatted text 456
forward declaration 730
forward iterator 482, 518, 521, 529, 536, 538, 540
forward iterator operations 484
forward iterators 494
<forward_list> header 140
forward_list class template 476, 485, 494
splice_after member function 498
fractional parts 90
fragile software 364
free function (global function) 262
free store 321
friend of a derived class 675
friends are not member functions 291
Friends can access private members of class 289
friendship granted, not taken 289
front member function of queue 511
front member function of sequence containers 492
front_inserter function template 540
<fstream> header 140
<fstream> header 445
argument 41
call 136
call overhead 163
call stack 159
declaration 137
header 40
local variable 44
multiple parameters 44
name 154
overloading 170
parameter list 43
prototype 58 , 136, 137, 156, 165, 235
return a result 47
that takes no arguments 162
trailing return type 175
function body 40
function call 41
function call operator () 340, 410
function call stack 242
function object 501, 505, 518, 553
binary 553
divides 554
equal_to 554
greater 554
greater_equal 554
less 554
less_equal 554
logical_end 554
logical_not 554
logical_or 554
minus 554
modulus 554
multiplies 554
negate 554
not_equal_to 554
plus 554
predefined in the STL 553
function object less< int > 501
function object less< T > 505, 512
function overhead 793
function overloading 416
function pointer 407, 410, 518, 553
function prototype 58 , 109, 289, 792
parameter names optional 59
function prototype scope 155 , 156
function template 173 , 582, 589
function template specialization 173
functional structure of a program 22
functions 3
functions for manipulating data in the standard library containers 141
functions with empty parameter lists 162
function-template specialization 582
fundamental type 26
fundamental types
unsigned int 82
G
game of chance 146
game of craps 147
game playing 141
gcount function of istream 426
general class average problem 85
general utilities library <cstdlib> 797
generalities 376
generalization in the UML 733
generalized numeric operations 557
general-utilities library <cstdlib> 646
generate algorithm 520
, 521, 558
generate_n algorithm 520
, 521, 558
generating values to be placed into elements of an array 191
generator function 520
generic algorithms 519
generic programming 582
get a value 49
get and set functions 48
get pointer 452
getline function for use with class string 593
getline function of cin 424
getline function of the string header 43
, 48
gets the value of 32
global 60
global function 130
global identifier 665
global namespace 667
global namespace scope 155, 156, 272, 298
global object constructors 272
global variable 154 , 156, 158, 169, 667
golden mean 179
golden ratio 179
good function of ios_base 442
Good Programming Practices overview xxiii
goodbit of stream 442
goto elimination 70
goto statement 70
graph information 194
Graphical User Interface (GUI) 16
greater function object 554
greater_equal function object 554
greater-than operator 32
greater-than-or-equal-to operator 32
guard condition 74
guard condition in the UML 705
GUI (Grahical User Interface) 16
guillemets (« and ») in the UML 54
H
.h filename extension 54
half-word 617
handle on an object 264
hard disk 445
hardcopy printer 9
hardware platform 2
has-a relationship 343, 695 , 283
header 54 , 62, 139, 259, 372, 791
Headers
<cmath> 109
<deque> 499
<exception> 562
<forward_list> 494
<fstream> 445
<functional> 553
<iomanip.h> 90
<list> 494
<memory> 575
<numeric> 559
<set> 501
<stack> 509
<string> 43
<typeinfo> 413
<vector> 221
how they are located 57
name enclosed in angle brackets (< >) 57
name enclosed in quotes (" ") 57
heapsort sorting algorithm 548
helper function 265
hex stream manipulator 427
, 432, 436
hexadecimal 650
integer 232
hexadecimal (base-16) number 421, 427, 432, 436, 649, 781
hexadecimal notation 421
hexadecimal number system 634
hide implementation details 288
hide names in outer scopes 155
hierarchy of exception classes 578
hierarchy of shapes 390
“highest” type 138
high-level I/O 417
horizontal tab (' ') 23, 634, 637
host object 283
I
IDE (integrated development environment) 6
identifiers for variable names 152
IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) 2
#if 795
#if preprocessing directive 795
if single-selection statement 71, 74
if statement activity diagram 74
if...else double-selection statement 72, 74, 75
if...else statement activity diagram 75
#ifdef preprocessing directive 795
#ifndef preprocessor directive 259
#ifndef preprocessing directive 795
ifstream constructor function 450
ignore 312
ignore function of istream 425
implementation inheritance 393
implementation of a member function changes 270
implementation phase 737
implementation process 708, 726
implicit conversion 90 , 338, 339
via conversion constructors 339
implicit first argument 291
implicit handle 264
implicit, user-defined conversions 338
implicitly virtual 384
improper implicit conversion 338
in-class initializers 260
in-memory formatting 609
in-memory I/O 609
in-class initializer (C++11) 120
#include "filename" 791
#include <iomanip> 90
#include <iostream> 21
#include preprocessing directive 791
#include preprocessor directive 137
includes algorithm 543, 544
, 559
including a header multiple times 259
increment
a pointer 247
increment a control variable 101 , 104, 105
increment an iterator 484
increment operator 315
increment operator (++) 96
independent software vendor (ISV) 3
index 186
indexed access 498
indirect base class 345
indirect derived class 401
indirection operator (*) 232
, 234
indirectly reference a value 229
inequality 668
inequality operator (!=) 324
inequality operator keywords 668
information hiding 5
inherit constructors 370
inherit constructors from base class 370
inherit interface 390
inherit members of an existing class 343
Inheritance
hierarchy for university CommunityMembers 344
inheritance 5 , 258, 264 , 343 , 345, 732, 733, 736, 737
examples 344
hierarchy 384
implementation vs. interface inheritance 393
multiple 672
relationships of the I/O-related classes 420, 446
virtual base class 679
initial state 71
initial state in the UML 703 , 705
initial value of a control variable 101 , 103
initial value of an attribute 702
initialize a pointer 230
initializer 189
initializer_list 552
initializer_list class template 336
initializing an array’s elements to zeros and printing the array 189
initializing multidimensional arrays 212
initializing the elements of an array with a declaration 190
inline function 163
inline function to calculate the volume of a cube 164
inline keyword 163
inner block 155
inner_product algorithm 559
innermost pair of parentheses 29
inplace_merge algorithm 542
, 559
input a line of text 424
Input and output stream iterators 481
input from string in memory 140
input iterator 482, 484, 523, 526, 529, 532, 540, 545
input line of text into an array 254
input/output library functions 141
input/output of objects 473
input/output operations 71
input/output stream header <iostream> 21
input sequence 481
input stream iterator 481
input stream object (cin) 27
inputting from strings in memory 609
insert function of associative container 503
, 507
insert member function of class string 605
insert member function of containers 478
insert member function of sequence container 493
inserter function template 540
insertion at back of vector 486
instance 4
instance of a class 46
instant access processing 466
instant-access application 456
instruction 8
int & 165
int operands promoted to double 90
integer arithmetic 304
Integer class definition 575
integer promotion 90
integers prefixed with 0 (octal) 436
integers prefixed with 0x or 0X (hexadecimal) 436
integral constant expression 112
integral size limits 141
integrated development environment (IDE) 6
interaction diagram in the UML 716
interactions among objects 714, 717
interest rate 108
interface 58
Interface Builder 16
interface inheritance 393
interface of a class 58
internal spacing 434
internal stream manipulator 432, 434
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 2
International Standards Organization (ISO) 2
invalid_argument class 578
invalid_argument exception 493
invalid_argument exception class 260
invoking a non-const member function on a const object 281
<iomanip> header 140, 791, 418, 427
<iomanip.h> header 90
iOS 15
ios_base base class 440
ios_base class
precision function 427
width member function 429
ios::app file open mode 447
ios::ate file open mode 448
ios::beg seek direction 452
ios::binary file open mode 448, 461
, 464
ios::cur seek direction 452
ios::end seek direction 452
ios::in file open mode 448, 450
ios::out file open mode 447
ios::trunc file open mode 448
<iostream> header 21
, 139, 418, 419, 791, 116, 445
iota algorithm 559
iPod Touch 16
is a 675
is-a relationship (inheritance) 343 , 372
is_heap_until algorithm 551
, 559
is_partitioned algorithm 558
is_permutation algorithm 558
is_sorted algorithm 558
is_sorted_until algorithm 558
isalnum 634
isalpha 634
ISO 2
istream 420
istream class 452, 457, 464, 471, 473, 609
peek function 425
seekg function 452
tellg function 452
istream member function ignore 312
istream_iterator 481
istringstream 611
iter_swap algorithm 537, 538
, 558
iterating 82
Iterative factorial solution 183
iterative model 688
<iterator> header 141, 540, 542
iterator 479, 480, 481, 484, 503, 608
iterator invalidation 519
iterator operations 484
iterator pointing to first element past the end of container 480
iterator pointing to the first element of the container 480
iterator typedef 483
iterator-category hierarchy 483
J
Jacobson, Ivar 684
Jacopini, G. 70
Java programming language 16
Jobs, Steve 16
justified field 435
K
key 500
keyboard 9, 27, 115, 417, 419, 445
Keypad class (ATM case study) 690, 693, 695, 708, 715, 716, 720, 728
key–value pair 477 , 505, 507, 508
keywords 72
and 668
and_eq 669
auto 213
bitand 669
bitor 669
compl 669
const 163
enum 149
enum class 150
enum struct 150
extern 154
inline 163
mutable 663
not 668
not_eq 668
or 668
or_eq 669
private 47
public 39
static 154
table of keywords 72
template 583
throw 566
typedef 418
void 40
xor 669
xor_eq 669
L
label 155
labels in a switch structure 155
lambda function 556
lambda introducer 557
large object 166
last-in, first-out (LIFO) 158
late binding 384
leading 0 436
leading 0x and leading 0X 432, 436
left-shift operator (<<) 304, 621
, 621, 627, 628
left side of an assignment 128, 187, 276, 328
left stream manipulator 110
, 432, 433
, 433
left-to-right associativity 98
left value 128
left-shift assignment operator (<<=) 629
left-shift operator (<<) 419
left-to-right associativity 35
left-to-right evaluation 29, 30
legacy C code 792
legacy code 797
length member function of class string 593
length of a string 254
length of a substring 340
length_error exception 493, 578
, 599
less function object 554
less_equal function object 554
less< double > 505
less-than-or-equal-to operator 32
lexicographical 597
lexicographical_compare algorithm 522, 524
, 559
lifeline of an object in a UML sequence diagram 719
LIFO (last-in, first-out) 158, 477, 509
<limits> header 141
line 30
line number 796
line of communication with a file 448, 450
line of text 424
__LINE__ predefined symbolic constant 796
link 6
linker 7
Linux 15
shell prompt 9
Linux operating system 15
<list> header 140
list functions
assign 498
merge 498
pop_back 498
pop_front 498
push_front 497
remove 498
sort 497
splice 497
swap 498
unique 498
<list> header 494
list initialization 94
dynamically allocated array 322
vector 490
literal
floating point 89
live-code approach xxiii
load 6
local automatic object 275
<locale> header 141
log function 132
log10 function 132
logarithm 132
logic_error exception 578
logical AND 668
logical AND (&&) 123
logical NOT (!) 123, 124
, 668
logical operator keywords 668
logical operators 123
logical OR (||) 123, 124
, 626, 668
logical_and function object 554
logical_not function object 554
logical_or function object 554
long data type 120
long double data type 138
long int 177
long long int data type 138
loop-continuation condition 72 , 101 , 102, 104, 105, 110, 111
loop counter 101
loop-continuation condition fails 182
looping statement 72
loss of data 442
lower_bound algorithm 548
, 558
lower_bound function of associative container 503
“lowest type” 138
low-level I/O capabilities 417
lvalue (“left value”) 128 , 167, 187, 231, 232, 276, 328, 335, 500
lvalues as rvalues 128
M
m-by-n array 211
machine code 110
machine dependent 247
machine language 153
Macintosh 16
macro 139
macro argument 793
macro definition 796
macro expansion 793
macro-identifier 792
macros 791
magnitude 434
magnitude right justified 432
“make your point” 146
make_pair 507
mandatory function prototypes 137
mangled function name 171
manipulating individual characters 633
manipulator 109
manipulators 446
many-to-one relationship 697
mapped values 500
mask 623
“masked off” 623
matching catch block 564
math library 140
math library functions 109, 131
ceil 131
cos 131
exp 131
fabs 131
floor 131
fmod 131
log 132
log10 132
pow 132
sin 132
sqrt 132
tan 132
mathematical algorithms 529
mathematical algorithms of the Standard Library 529
max_element algorithm 529, 532
, 559
max_size member function of a string 601
max_size member function of containers 478
maximum function 132
maximum length of a string 601
maximum size of a string 599
mean 30
member function 4 , 38, 39, 726
argument 41
implementation in a separate source-code file 59
parameter 41
member function automatically inlined 261
member function call 5
member function calls for const objects 281
member function calls often concise 262
member function defined in a class definition 261
member function definitions of class Integer 576
member functions that take no arguments 262
member-initializer list 52 , 283, 286, 675
member object
default constructor 288
initializer 287
member selection operator (.) 265, 293, 384, 576
memberwise assignment 279 , 308
memberwise copy 332
<memory> header 140
memory 153
memory address 229
memory consumption 407
memory functions of the string-handling library 655
memory handling
function memchr 658
function memcmp 658
function memcpy 656
function memmove 657
function memset 659
<memory> header 575
memory leak 322 , 476, 575, 577, 607
prevent 577
memory-access violation 476
merge algorithm 538, 540
, 558
merge in the UML 705
merge member function of list 498
merge symbol 79
message in the UML 714 , 716, 717, 720
message passing in the UML 719
Microsoft
Visual C++ 6
Microsoft Visual C++ 669
Microsoft Windows 116
min_element algorithm 529, 532
, 559
minmax_element algorithm 529, 532
, 553
, 559
minus function object 554
minus sign (-) indicating private visibility in the UML 726
minus sign, – (UML) 50
mismatch algorithm 522, 524
, 558
mission-critical computing 565
mixed-type expression 138
model of a software system 694, 702, 735
modifiable lvalue 308, 328, 335
modify a constant pointer 243
modify address stored in pointer variable 243
modulus function object 554
modulus operator (%) 28
, 29, 142, 146
monetary formats 141
most derived class 681
move assignment operator 334, 480
move constructor 334, 370, 478, 480
move_backward algorithm 540
, 558
Mozilla Foundation 15
multidimensional array 211
multimap associative container 505
multiple 28
multiple inheritance 345 , 418, 672 , 673, 674, 675, 677
multiple inheritance demonstration 673
multiple parameters to a function 44
multiple-selection statement 72 , 112
multiple-source-file program
compilation and linking process 62
multiple-statement body 34
multiplicative operators (*, /, %) 90
multiplicity 694
multiplies function object 554
mutable
demonstration 664
mutable data member 664
mutating sequence algorithms 558
mutator 49
N
name decoration 171
name function of class type_info 413
name handle 264
on an object 264
name mangling 171
name mangling to enable type-safe linkage 172
name of a control variable 101
name of a source file 796
name of a user-defined class 39
name of a variable 152
name of an array 187
named constant 191
namespace 22
alias 668
global 667
nested 667
qualifier 668
unnamed 667
namespace 665
namespace alias 668
namespace member 665
namespace scope 155
namespaces 665
narrowing conversion 95
natural logarithm 132
navigability arrow in the UML 726
NDEBUG 797
near container 477
negate function object 554
nested blocks 155
nested control statement 92
nested for statement 194, 214, 219
nested if...else statement 76
, 77
nested message in the UML 718
nested namespace 667
nested namespace 667
nested parentheses 29
NetBeans 7
network connection 417
network message arrival 570
new 332
new calls the constructor 321
new failure handler 574
<new> header 572
new operator 321
new returning 0 on failure 573
new stream manipulators 430
new throwing bad_alloc on failure 572, 573
newline ('
') escape sequence 22
, 28, 35, 118, 252, 421, 637
next_permutation algorithm 559
NeXTSTEP operating system 16
noboolalpha stream manipulator 438
noexcept keyword 571
non-const member function 282
non-const member function called on a const object 282
non-const member function on a non-const object 282
nonconstant pointer to constant data 241
nonconstant pointer to nonconstant data 241
noncontiguous memory layout of a deque 499
nondeterministic random numbers 144
none_of algorithm 533, 536
, 558
nonfatal logic error 32
nonfatal runtime error 9
non-member, friend function 313
non-member function to overload an operator 336
nonmodifiable function code 264
nonmodifying sequence algorithms 557, 558
nonparameterized stream manipulator 90
nonrecoverable failures 442
non-static member function 291, 301, 337
nontype template parameter 589
nonzero treated as true 127
noshowbase stream manipulator 432, 436
noshowpoint stream manipulator 432
noshowpos stream manipulator 432, 434
noskipws stream manipulator 432
NOT (!; logical NOT) 123
not equal 32
not operator keyword 668
not_eq operator keyword 668
not_equal_to function object 554
note 71
nothrow object 573
nothrow_t type 573
noun phrase in requirements specification 692, 698
nouppercase stream manipulator 432, 438
nth_element algorithm 558
NULL 231
null character (' ') 253
, 254, 426, 640, 645
null pointer (0) 230
, 232, 449, 639
null statement 78
null terminated 606
null-terminated string 255, 421
nullptr constant 230
number of arguments 136
number of elements in an array 245
<numeric> 532
<numeric> header 559
numerical data type limits 141
O
object leaves scope 272
object of a derived class 377, 380
object of a derived class is instantiated 369
object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) 6 , 683
object-oriented design (OOD) 683, 690, 692, 698, 702, 707, 726
object-oriented language 6
object-oriented programming (OOP) 2 , 6 , 16 , 258, 343, 2
object serialization 473
object’s vtable pointer 410
Objective-C 16
objects contain only data 264
oct stream manipulator 427
, 432, 436
octal (base-8) number system 427, 432, 649
octal number 421, 436, 634, 650
octal number system (base 8) 781
off-by-one error 104
offset 410
offset from the beginning of a file 452
offset to a pointer 250
ofstream 446, 448, 450, 451, 461, 464, 466
constructor 448
open function 448
one’s complement operator (~) 621
one-pass algorithm 482
ones position 781
one-to-many mapping 477
one-to-many relationship 505 , 697
one-to-one relationship 697
OOAD (object-oriented analysis and design) 6, 683
OOD (object-oriented design) 683, 690, 692, 698, 702, 707
OOP (object-oriented programming) 2, 6 , 343
open a file for input 448
open a file for output 448
open a nonexistent file 449
open function of ofstream 448
Open Handset Alliance 16
opened 445
operation (UML) 41
operation compartment in a class diagram 708
operation in the UML 41, 694, 707, 708, 711, 728, 731, 736
operation parameter in the UML 44, 708, 711, 712
operator
associativity 126
overloading 28 , 173, 304 , 416, 621
precedence and associativity chart 35
operator keywords 669
operator keywords 308, 668
, 669
operator keywords demonstration 669
operator overloading
decrement operators 315
increment operators 315
operator void* 452
operator void* member function 442
operator void* member function of ios 449
operator! member function 314, 442, 449
operator!= 335
operator() overloaded operator 553
operator[]
const version 335
non-const version 335
operator+ 308
operator++( int ) 315
operators
! (logical NOT operator) 123, 124
!= (inequality operator) 32
.* and ->* 670
() (parentheses operator) 29
* (multiplication operator) 29
* (pointer dereference or indirection) 232
, 232
*= multiplication assignment 96
/ (division operator) 29
/= division assignment 96
&& (logical AND operator) 123
% (modulus operator) 29
%= modulus assignment 96
+= 595
+= addition assignment 95
< (less-than operator) 32
<< (stream insertion operator) 22
, 28
<= (less-than-or-equal-to operator) 32
= (assignment operator) 27, 29, 125
-= subtraction assignment 96
== (equality operator) 32, 125
> (greater-than operator) 32
>= (greater-than-or-equal-to operator) 32
|| (logical OR operator) 123, 124
addition assignment (+=) 95
address (&) 232
arithmetic 95
arrow member selection (->) 265
assignment 95
conditional (?:) 75
const_cast 661
delete 321
dot (.) 40
increment (++) 96
member selection (.) 265
multiplicative (*, /, %) 90
new 321
parentheses (()) 90
postfix decrement 96
prefix decrement 96
scope resolution (::) 60
static_cast 90
ternary 75
typeid 413
unary minus (-) 90
unary plus (+) 90
unary scope resolution (::) 169
optimizations on constants 281
OR (||; logical OR) 123
or operator keyword 668
or_eq operator keyword 669
order in which constructors and destructors are called 274
order in which destructors are called 272
order in which operators are applied to their operands 180
order of evaluation 181
ordered associative containers 476 , 500
original format settings 440
OS X 16
ostream class 418
seekp function 452
tellp function 452
ostream_iterator 481
ostringstream class 609
other character sets 592
out-of-range array subscript 570
out-of-range element 328
out of scope 158
out_of_bounds exception 493
out_of_range class 335
out_of_range exception 493, 514, 578
, 595
out_of_range exception class 226
outer block 155
outer for structure 214
out-of-bounds array elements 198
output a floating-point value 432
output buffering 443
output data items of built-in type 419
output format of floating-point numbers 437
output iterator 482, 484, 521, 529, 542, 545
output of char * variables 421
output of characters 420
output of floating-point values 421
output of integers 421
output of standard data types 420
output of uppercase letters 421
output sequence 481
output stream 492
output to string in memory 140
outputting to strings in memory 609
overflow 570
overflow_error exception 578
overhead of a function call 793
overload the addition operator (+) 308
overload unary operator ! 314
overloaded [] operator 328
overloaded << operator 314
overloaded addition assignment operator (+=) 316
overloaded assignment (=) operator 327, 333
overloaded binary operators 309
overloaded cast operator function 337
overloaded constructors 371
overloaded equality operator (==) 327, 334
overloaded function call operator () 340
overloaded function definitions 170
overloaded increment operator 316
overloaded inequality operator 327, 335
overloaded operator
() 553
overloaded operator += 320
overloaded operator[] member function 335
overloaded postfix increment operator 316, 320
overloaded prefix increment operator 316, 320
overloaded stream insertion and stream extraction operators 311
overloaded stream insertion operator 675
overloaded subscript operator 328, 335
constructor 271
overloading + 309
overloading << and >> 173
overloading binary operator < 310
overloading binary operators 309
overloading function call operator () 340
overloading operators 173
overloading postfix increment operator 315, 321
overloading prefix and postfix decrement operators 315
overloading prefix and postfix increment operators 315
overloading resolution 589
overloading stream insertion and stream extraction operators 310, 316, 320, 327, 331
overloading template functions 589
overloading the stream insertion operator 473
override a function 383
override keyword 384
P
pad with specified characters 421
padding 633
padding characters 429 , 432, 433, 435
padding in a structure 633
pair 503
parameter in the UML 44, 708, 711, 712
parameterized stream manipulator 90 , 109, 418 , 427, 452
parameterized type 582
parentheses operator (()) 29, 90
parentheses to force order of evaluation 35
partial_sort algorithm 558
partial_sort_copy algorithm 558
partial_sum algorithm 559
partition algorithm 558
partition_copy algorithm 558
partition_point algorithm 558
Pascal case 39
pass-by-reference 164 , 229, 235, 237
with a pointer parameter used to cube a variable’s value 235
with pointer parameters 233
with reference parameters 165, 233
pass-by-reference with pointers 166
pass-by-value 164 , 165, 233, 234, 236, 243
used to cube a variable’s value 234
passing arguments by value and by reference 165
passing large objects 166
passing options to a program 240
“past the end” iterator 532
peek function of istream 425
percent sign (%) (modulus operator) 28
perform a task 40
perform an action 22
performance 3
plus function object 554
plus sign 434
plus sign (+) indicating public visibility in the UML 726
plus sign, + (UML) 41
pointer 247
pointer 479
pointer arithmetic 247 , 248, 250, 489
machine dependent 247
pointer assignment 249
pointer-based strings 252
pointer comparison 249
pointer dereference (*) operator 232
pointer handle 264
pointer manipulation 407
pointer notation 251
pointer operators & and * 232
pointer to a function 407
pointer to an object 242
pointer to void (void *) 249
pointer variable 575
pointer/offset notation 250
pointer/subscript notation 250
pointer-based string 606
pointers and array subscripting 249, 250
pointers and arrays 249
pointers declared const 243
pointers to dynamically allocated storage 293, 334
pointer-to-member operators
.* 670
->* 670
point-of-sale system 456
poll analysis program 196
polymorphic exception processing 572
polymorphic programming 390, 410
polymorphic screen manager 376
polymorphically invoking functions in a derived class 678
polymorphism and references 407
polynomial 31
pop 587
pop function of container adapters 509
pop member function of priority_queue 512
pop member function of queue 511
pop member function of stack 509
pop_back member function of list 498
Portability Tips overview xxiv
portable 2
position number 186
positional notation 781
positional values in the decimal number system 782
postfix decrement operator 96
postfix increment operator 96 , 98
postincrement an iterator 484
power 132
precedence 29, 31, 35, 98, 104, 124, 180
precedence chart 35
precedence not changed by overloading 309
precedence of the conditional operator 75
format of a floating-point number 91
precision function of ios_base 427
precision of a floating-point value 85
precision of floating-point numbers 427
precision setting 428
predefined function objects 553
predefined symbolic constants 796
predicate function 265 , 497, 523, 526, 529, 532, 536, 537, 540, 545, 550
prefix decrement operator 96 , 97
prefix increment operator 96 , 98
preprocessing directives 7, 21
preprocessor directives
#ifndef 259
#define 259
#endif 259
prev_permutation algorithm 559
prevent memory leak 577
preventing headers from being included more than once 259
primary memory 8
primitive data type promotion 90
principal 108
principle of least privilege 153 , 239, 240, 243, 281, 450, 483
print a line of text 20
printing
line of text with multiple statements 23
multiple lines of text with a single statement 24
unsigned integer in bits 622
priority_queue adapter class 512
empty function 513
pop function 512
push function 512
size function 513
top function 513
private
base class 372
base-class data cannot be accessed from derived class 358
inheritance 345
members of a base class 345
static data member 298
private libraries 7
probability 141
program development environment 6
program execution stack 159
program in the general 375
program in the specific 375
programmer-defined function
maximum 132
promotion 90
promotion hierarchy for built-in data types 138
promotion rules 138
prompting message 443
proprietary classes 372
protected 361
protected access specifier 258
protected base class 372
protected base-class data can be accessed from derived class 363
protected inheritance 345
, 372
pseudorandom numbers 144
public
method 260
public access specifier 39
public base class 372
public keyword 39
public member of a derived class 346
public services of a class 58
public static class member 298
public static member function 298
punctuation mark 644
pure specifier 391
pure virtual function 391
, 407
push 587
push function of container adapters 509
push member function of priority_queue 512
push member function of queue 511
push member function of stack 509
push_back member function of class template vector 227
push_back member function of vector 488
push_front member function of deque 499
push_front member function of list 497
put file-position pointer 457, 462
put pointer 452
putback function of istream 425
Q
qualified name 369
<queue> header 140
queue adapter class 511
back function 511
empty function 511
front function 511
pop function 511
push function 511
size function 511
quotation marks 22
R
radians 131
raise to a power 132
RAND_MAX symbolic constant 141
random integers in range 1 to 6 142
random number 144
random_shuffle algorithm 529, 531
, 558
random-access file 445, 457 , 458, 464, 466
random-access iterator 482, 483, 498, 501, 518, 524, 531, 536, 550, 551
random-access iterator operations 484
randomizing 144
randomizing the die-rolling program 145
range-based for statement 200
Rational Software Corporation 690
Rational Unified Process™ 690
raw data 456
raw data processing 445
rbegin member function of class string 608
rbegin member function of containers 479
rbegin member function of vector 490
rdstate function of ios_base 442
read a line of text 43
read characters with getline 43
read data sequentially from a file 450
read function of istream 425
read member function 426
read member function of istream 457
, 471
read-only variable 191
Reading a random-access file sequentially 464
Reading and printing a sequential file 450
real number 85
record format 459
recover from errors 442
recursive function 175
recursive function factorial 178
recursive solution 184
redundant parentheses 31 , 123
reference argument 233
reference parameter 164, 165 , 165
reference to a constant 166
reference to a private data member 276
reference to an automatic variable 167
reference to an int 165
referencing array elements 251
referencing array elements with the array name and with pointers 251
register declaration 154
register storage-class specifier 152
reinterpret_cast operator 249, 458
, 461, 464
reinventing the wheel 3
relational operators >, <, >=, and <= 122
release dynamically allocated memory 333
remainder after integer division 28
remove member function of list 498
remove_copy algorithm 524, 526
, 558
remove_copy_if algorithm 524, 527
, 541
, 558
remove_if algorithm 524, 526
, 558
rend member function of class string 608
rend member function of containers 479
rend member function of vector 490
repetition
repetition terminates 78
replace 603
replace == operator with = 127
replace algorithm 527, 529
, 558
replace member function of class string 603, 605
replace_copy algorithm 527, 529
, 558
replace_copy_if algorithm 527, 529
, 558
replace_if algorithm 527, 529
, 558
for a macro or symbolic constant 792 , 794
requirements document 688, 689
requirements gathering 688
requirements specification 684
reset 514
resize member function of class string 601
resource leak 572
restore a stream’s state to “good” 442
resumption model of exception handling 565
rethrow an exception 567
return a result 137
Return key 27
return message in the UML 720
return statement 23, 47
, 137, 176
return type 40
return type in a function header 137
return type in the UML 708, 713
returning a reference from a function 167
returning a reference to a private data member 276
reusability 582
reusable software components 3
reverse algorithm 538, 541
, 558
reverse_copy algorithm 541, 542
, 558
reverse_iterator 479, 480, 484, 490, 608
rfind member function of class string 603
right justification 110 , 432, 433
right operand 22
right shift (>>) 621
right shift operator (>>) 304
right shift with sign extension assignment operator (>>=) 629
right stream manipulator 110
, 432, 433
right-to-left associativity 98
right value 128
rightmost (trailing) arguments 167
right-shift operator (>>) 419, 621, 622, 628
right-shifting a signed value is machine dependent 629
right-to-left associativity 35
Ritchie, Dennis 2
role in the UML 695
role name in the UML 695
rolling a die 142
rolling a six-sided die 6000 times 143
rotate algorithm 558
rotate_copy algorithm 558
round a floating-point number for display purposes 91
rounded rectangle (for representing a state in a UML state diagram) 703
row subscript 211
rows 211
RTTI (runtime type information) 411 , 414
rules of operator precedence 29
Rumbaugh, James 684
runtime error 9
runtime type information (RTTI) 411 , 414
runtime_error class 562
, 570, 578
what function 567
rvalue (“right value”) 128 , 167, 328
S
SalariedEmployee class header 397
SalariedEmployee class implementation file 398
savings account 108
scaling 142
scientific notation 91 , 421, 437
scientific notation floating-point value 438
scientific stream manipulator 432, 437
scope of a symbolic constant or macro 794
scope of an identifier 152, 154
scope resolution operator (::) 60
, 298, 585, 665, 668, 672, 677
scoped enum 150
scope-resolution operator (::) 150
scopes
class 155
file 155
function 155
function prototype 155
namespace 155
scoping example 156
Screen class (ATM case study) 693, 695, 708, 714, 715, 716, 718, 720, 728
screen-manager program 376
scrutinize data 259
search algorithm 558
search functions of the string-handling library 651
search key 500
search_n algorithm 558
searching 533
searching arrays 209
searching blocks of memory 655
second data member of pair 503
second-degree polynomial 31
secondary storage device 445
secondary storage devices
CD 445
DVD 445
flash drive 445
hard disk 445
tape 445
second-degree polynomial 31
“secret” implementation details 663
security flaws 198
seed 146
seed function rand 144
seek direction 452
seek get 452
seek put 452
seekg function of istream 452
, 472
seekp function of ostream 452
, 462
select a substring 340
self assignment 333
self-assignment 293
self-documenting 26
semicolon (;) 22
, 34, 78, 791
semicolon that terminates a structure definition 617
send a message to an object 5
separate interface from implementation 58
sequence container 476 , 483, 485, 493, 497
back function 492
empty function 493
front function 492
insert function 493
sequence diagram in the UML 691 , 716
sequence of messages in the UML 717
sequence of random numbers 144
sequence statement 70 , 71, 73
sequence-statement activity diagram 71
sequential execution 70
sequential file 445, 446, 447, 450, 456
serialized object 473
services of a class 49
<set> header 140
set a value 49
set and get functions 48
set associative container 504
set function 288
set_intersection 545
set_new_handler function 572
, 574
set of recursive calls to method Fibonacci 181
set operations of the Standard Library 543
set_difference algorithm 543, 545
, 559
set_intersection algorithm 543, 545
, 559
set_new_handler specifying the function to call when new fails 574
set_symmetric_difference algorithm 543, 545, 559
set_union algorithm 543, 546, 559
setbase stream manipulator 427
setfill stream manipulator 261
, 433, 435
setprecision stream manipulator 90
, 109, 427
setw parameterized stream manipulator 109
setw stream manipulator 254, 429, 433
Shape class hierarchy 345
shell prompt on Linux 9
shift a range of numbers 142
shifted, scaled integers 142
shifted, scaled integers produced by 1 + rand() % 6 142
shiftingValue 146
short-circuit evaluation 124
short data type 120
short int data type 120
showbase stream manipulator 432, 436
showpoint stream manipulator 91
, 432
showpos stream manipulator 432, 434
shrink_to_fit member function of classes vector and deque 490
shuffle algorithm 558
shuffling algorithm 619
side effect 164
side effect of an expression 154, 164, 181
sign extension 622
sign left justified 432
signal value 85
signatures of overloaded prefix and postfix increment operators 315
significant digits 433
sin function 132
sine 132
single-argument constructor 339, 340
single-entry/single-exit control statement 73 , 74
single-line comment 21
single-precision floating-point number 89
single quote 23
single quote (') 252
single-selection if statement 72
, 76
six-sided die 142
size function of string 461
size member function of array 187
size member function of class string 64
, 593
size member function of containers 478
size member function of priority_queue 513
size member function of queue 511
size member function of stack 509
size member function of vector 224
size of a string 599
size of a variable 152
size of an array 244
size_t type 244
size_type 480
sizeof operator 244
, 245, 291
used to determine standard data type sizes 245
sizeof operator when applied to an array name returns the number of bytes in the array 245
skip remainder of switch statement 121
skip remaining code in loop 122
skipws stream manipulator 432
small circle symbol 71
smartphone 16
software engineering 58
encapsulation 49
separate interface from implementation 58
set and get functions 48
Software Engineering Observations overview xxiv
software life cycle 688
software reuse 3, 343, 582, 672
solid circle (for representing an initial state in a UML diagram) in the UML 703 , 705
solid circle enclosed in an open circle (for representing the end of a UML activity diagram) 705
solid circle symbol 71
solid diamonds (representing composition) in the UML 695
sort algorithm 209
, 533, 536
, 558
sort member function of list 497
sorting and related algorithms 557
sorting arrays 209
sorting strings 141
source-code file 54
SourceForge 15
spaces for padding 435
space-time trade-off 466
special character 253
special characters 26
specialization in the UML 734
spiral 179
splice member function of list 497
splice_after member function of class template forward_list 498
sqrt function of <cmath> header 132
square function 139
srand function 144
srand( time( 0 ) ) 146
<sstream> header 140, 609, 609
stable_partition algorithm 558
stable_sort algorithm 558
<stack> header 140
stack adapter class 509
empty function 509
pop function 509
push function 509
size function 509
top function 509
stack frame 159
<stack> header 509
stack unwinding 566 , 569, 571
stack<int> 588
Stack<T> 587
standard data type sizes 245
standard error stream (cerr) 9
standard exception classes 578
standard input object (cin) 27
standard input stream (cin) 9
, 418
standard input stream object (cin) 445
Standard Library
class string 305
container classes 476
deque class template 499
exception classes 579
exception hierarchy 578
list class template 495
map class template 508
multimap class template 506
multiset class template 501
priority_queue adapter class 513
queue adapter class templates 512
set class template 504
stack adapter class 509
vector class template 487
standard output object (cout) 22
, 418
standard output stream (cout) 9
standard output stream object (cout) 445
standard stream libraries 418
Standard Template Library 475
state 690
state bits 422
state diagram for the ATM object 703
state diagram in the UML 703
state machine diagram in the UML 690 , 703
statement spread over several lines 35
statement terminator (;) 22
statements
continue 121
if 32
return 23
throw 261
try 226
static array initialization 198, 199
static array initialization and automatic array initialization 199
static binding 384
static_cast<int> 116
static data member 207, 297
, 298
static data member tracking the number of objects of a class 300
static data members save storage 298
static keyword 154
static linkage specifier 667
static local variable 156, 158, 198, 521
static member 298
static member function 298
static storage class 152
static storage duration 153, 154, 155
static storage-class specifier 152
static_cast (compile-time type-checked cast) 188
static_cast operator 90
status bits 442
std namespace 592
std::cin 27
std::cout 21
std::endl stream manipulator 28
__STDC__ predefined symbolic constant 797
<stdexcept> header 140, 562
, 578
StepStone 16
“sticky” setting 261
STL 475
STL algorithms
accumulate 553
STL exception types 493
stod function 612
stof function 612
stoi function 612
stol function 612
stold function 612
stoll function 612
storage alignment 617
storage duration 152
automatic 153
dynamic 153
static 153
thread 153
storage unit 633
storage-class specifiers 152
extern 152
mutable 152
register 152
static 152
storage-unit boundary 633
stoul function 612
stoull function 612
str member function 610
str member function of class ostringstream 609
strcat function of header <cstring> 639, 641
strchr 651
strcmp function of header <cstring> 639, 642
strcpy function of header <cstring> 639, 640
stream base 427
stream extraction operator 419
stream extraction operator >> (“get from”) 27
, 34, 173, 304, 310, 332, 419, 422, 473
stream I/O class hierarchy 446
stream input/output 21
stream insertion operator << (“put to”) 22
, 23, 28, 173, 304, 310, 332, 419, 420, 449, 675
stream manipulator 28 , 109, 426 , 434, 452
stream manipulators 90
dec 427
hex 427
internal 434
noboolalpha 438
noshowbase 436
noshowpoint 432
oct 427
scientific 437
setbase 427
showbase 436
showpos 434
std::endl (end line) 28
stream of bytes 417
stream of characters 22
stream operation failed 442
stream output 419
<string> header 140
string 477
size function 461
string assignment and concatenation 594
string being tokenized 645
string class 43
, 304, 307, 593
at member function 308
size member function 64
substr member function 66
, 307
string class copy constructor 592
string class from the Standard Library 140
string comparison 595
string concatenation 593
string constant 253
string-conversion function 646
atof 647
atoi 648
atol 648
strtod 649
strtol 649
strtoul 650
string find member function 601
string find member functions 601
string insert functions 605
string insert member function 605
string length 645
string object
empty string 48
initial value 48
string of characters 22
string-search function
strchr 652
strcspn 652
strpbrk 653
strrchr 653
strspn 654
strstr 655
string stream processing 609
string::npos 603
strings as full-fledged objects 252
Stroustrup, B. 2
struct 616
structure members default to private access 616
structure name 616
structure of a system 702, 703
structure type 616
structured programming 70
student-poll-analysis program 196
subclass 343
subobject of a base class 678
subproblem 176
subscript 186
subscript 0 (zero) 186
subscript operator 500
subscript operator [] 595
subscript operator [] used with strings 593
subscript operator for map 507
subscript out of range 493
subscript through a vector 493
subscripted name used as an rvalue 328
subscripting 498
subscripting with a pointer and an offset 251
substr 598
substr member function of class string 66
, 598
substr member function of string 307
substring 340
substring length 340
substring of a string 598
subtract one pointer from another 247
subtraction 29
sum of the elements of an array 193
summing integers with the for statement 107
superclass 343
swap member function of class string 598
swap member function of containers 478
swap member function of list 498
swap_ranges algorithm 537, 538
, 558
swapping strings 598
swapping two strings 598
switch logic 390
switch multiple-selection statement 112
, 119
switch multiple-selection statement activity diagram with break statements 120
symbol 592
symbol values 781
symbolic constant 791 , 792 , 794, 796
symbolic constant NDEBUG 797
symbolic constant PI 793
synchronize operation of an istream and an ostream 443
synchronous call 717
synchronous error 570
system 690
system behavior 690
system requirements 688
system structure 690
T
tab 35
tab escape sequence 118
Tab key 22
tab stop 23
table of values 211
tablet computer 16
tabular format 189
tails 142
tan function 132
tangent 132
tape 445
tellg function of istream 452
tellp function of ostream 452
template 792
default type argument for a type parameter 589
template definition 174
template function 173
template parameter 583
template parameter list 173
temporary object 337
terminate a program 574
terminate normally 449
terminate successfully 23
terminating condition 177
terminating null character 253, 254, 607, 640, 645
terminating right brace (}) of a block 155
termination condition 198
termination housekeeping 272
termination model of exception handling 565
termination test 182
ternary conditional operator (?:) 181
ternary operator 75
test 514
test characters 140
test state bits after an I/O operation 422
text editor 450
text file 466
text-printing program 20
text substitution 793
this pointer 291
, 293, 301, 334
this pointer used explicitly 291
this pointer used implicitly and explicitly to access members of an object 292
thread storage duration 153
throw an exception 226
, 260, 261, 564
throw exceptions derived from standard exceptions 579
throw exceptions not derived from standard exceptions 579
throw keyword 566
throw point 565
throw standard exceptions 579
tie an input stream to an output stream 443
tilde character (~) 272
Time class containing a constructor with default arguments 266
Time class definition 258
Time class definition modified to enable cascaded member-function calls 294
Time class member-function definitions 259
Time class member-function definitions, including a constructor that takes arguments 267
time function 146
__TIME__ predefined symbolic constant 797
time source file is compiled 797
to_string function 612
top member function of priority_queue 513
top member function of stack 509
total 154
trailing return type 557
trailing return type (function) 175
trailing return types 175
trailing zeros 432
Transaction class (ATM case study) 733, 734, 735, 738, 772
transaction processing 505
transaction-processing program 466
transaction-processing system 456
transfer of control 70
transform algorithm 529, 533, 558
transition 71
transition arrow 71 , 74, 78, 79
transition between states in the UML 703
translation 7
translation unit 667
traversal 607
trigonometric cosine 131
trigonometric sine 132
trigonometric tangent 132
true 32
truncate fractional part of a double 138
truth table 123
! (logical NOT) operator 125
&& (logical AND) operator 123
|| (logical OR) operator 124
try block 226
, 564, 567, 570, 571
try block expires 565
try statement 226
Turing Machine 70
two-dimensional array 211
, 215
two-dimensional array manipulations 215
two’s complement 788
notation 788
twos position 783
tying an output stream to an input stream 443
type field 473
type information 473
type name (enumerations) 149
type of a variable 152
type of the this pointer 292
type-safe linkage 171
type_info class 413
fstream 420
ifstream 420
in first-class containers 479
iostream 418
istream 418
ofstream 420
ostream 418
type-safe I/O 425
U
UML (Unified Modeling Language) 6, 41, 683, 684, 690, 694, 701, 702, 733
action expression 71
action state 71
arrow 71
attribute 41
class diagram 41
constructor in a class diagram 54
data types 44
decision symbol 74
diagram 690
dotted line 71
final state 71
guard condition 74
guillemets (« and ») 54
initial state 71
merge symbol 79
minus sign (–) 50
note 71
plus sign (+) 41
public operation 41
Resource Center (www.deitel.com/UML/) 691
small circle symbol 71
solid circle symbol 71
String type 44
transition 71
transition arrow 71 , 74, 78, 79
UML activity diagram 105
solid circle (for representing an initial state) in the UML 705
solid circle enclosed in an open circle (for representing the end of an activity) in the UML 705
UML class diagram
attribute compartment 701
constructor 54
operation compartment 708
UML sequence diagram
activation 720
arrowhead 720
lifeline 719
UML state diagram
rounded rectangle (for representing a state) in the UML 703
solid circle (for representing an initial state) in the UML 703
UML use case diagram
actor 689
use case 689
unary decrement operator (--) 96
unary increment operator (++) 96
unary minus (-) operator 90
unary operator overload 309, 314
unary plus (+) operator 90
unary predicate function 497, 526, 529
unary scope resolution operator (::) 169
unbuffered output 420
unbuffered standard error stream 418
#undef preprocessing directive 794, 796
undefined area in memory 618
underflow_error exception 579
underlying container 509
underlying data structure 512
underscore ( _ ) 26
unformatted I/O 417 , 418, 425
Unicode 592
Unicode character set 417
Unified Modeling Language (UML) 6, 683, 684, 690, 694, 701, 702, 733
uniform initialization 94
uniform_int_distribution 151
unincremented copy of an object 321
unique algorithm 538, 540
, 558
unique member function of list 498
unique_copy algorithm 541, 542
, 558
unique_ptr class 575
built-in array 578
universal-time format 260
UNIX 449
unnamed bit field 633
unnamed bit field with a zero width 633
unnamed namespace 667
unordered associative containers 476 , 477, 500
<unordered_map> header 140
unordered_map class template 477, 507
unordered_multimap class template 477, 505
unordered_multiset class template 477, 501
<unordered_set> header 140
unordered_set class template 477, 504
unscoped enum 150
unsigned char data type 139
unsigned int 91
unsigned int data type 139, 145
unsigned int fundamental type 82
unsigned integer in bits 622
unsigned long data type 138
unsigned long int data type 138
unsigned long long data type 138
unsigned long long int 178
unsigned long long int data type 138
unsigned short data type 139
unsigned short int data type 139
untie an input stream from an output stream 443
unwinding the function call stack 568
update records in place 456
upper_bound algorithm 548
, 558
upper_bound function of associative container 503
uppercase letter 26, 140, 634, 636
uppercase stream manipulator 432, 436, 438
use case diagram in the UML 689 , 690
use case modeling 688
user-defined class name 39
user-defined function 132
user-defined type 40 , 149, 337
using a dynamically allocated ostringstream object 610
using a function template 173
Using a static data member to maintain a count of the number of objects of a class 299
using an iterator to output a string 608
using arrays instead of switch 195
using declaration 34
in headers 56
in headers 56
using function swap to swap two strings 598
using Standard Library functions to perform a heapsort 548
Using virtual base classes 680
<utility> header 141
utility function 265
V
validation 64
validity checking 64
value 27
value initialize 238
value of a variable 152
value of an array element 187
value_type 479
variable 25
variable name
argument 44
parameter 44
variadic template 504
<vector> header 140
vector class 221
crbegin function 490
crend function 490
push_back function 488
push_front function 488
rbegin function 490
rend function 490
vector class template 186
, 486
push_back member function 227
shrink_to_fit member function 490
vector class template element-manipulation functions 490
<vector> header 221
verb phrase in requirements specification 707
vertical spacing 102
vi 6
virtual base class 661, 678, 679
, 680, 681
virtual destructor 389
virtual function 375, 383
, 407, 409, 678
call 409
call illustrated 408
table (vtable) 407
virtual inheritance 679
visibility in the UML 726
visibility marker in the UML 726
Visual Studio 2012 Express Edition 7
void return type 138
volatile qualifier 661
volume of a cube 164
vtable pointer 410
W
“walk off” either end of an array 323
warning message 66
waterfall model 688
wchar_t 592
wchar_t character type 418
“weakest” iterator type 482, 519
what member function of an exception object 226
what virtual function of class exception 562
, 567, 573
while repetition statement 72
, 78, 102, 110
while statement activity diagram 79
whitespace characters 21 , 22, 35, 422 , 423, 426, 634, 637, 791, 796
whole/part relationship 695
width implicitly set to 0 429
width member function of class ios_base 429
width of a bit field 630
width of random number range 146
width setting 429
Windows operating system 15
Withdrawal class (ATM case study) 693, 694, 695, 696, 699, 700, 705, 708, 715, 716, 719, 720, 728, 729, 731, 733, 734, 735, 737, 738, 739
word 617
word boundary 617
workflow of a portion of a software system 71
workflow of an object in the UML 704
Wozniak, Steve 16
wraparound 320
write function of ostream 421, 425
writing data randomly to a random-access file 462
X
Xcode 7
Xerox PARC (Palo Alto Research Center) 16
XML (extensible markup language) 473
xor operator keyword 669
xor_eq operator keyword 669
Z
zeroth element 186
zero-width bit field 633
