Review Exercises

In Exercises 1 –4, write the first five terms of each sequence.

  1. an=2n3

  2. an=n(n2)2

  3. an=n2n+1

  4. an=(2)n1

In Exercises 5 and 6, write a general term an for each sequence.

  1. 30, 28, 26, 24, …

  2. 1, 2, 4, 8, 

In Exercises 7 –10, simplify each expression.

  1. 9!8!

  2. 10!7!

  3. (n+1)!n!

  4. n!(n2)!

In Exercises 11 –14, find each sum.

  1. k=14k3

  2. j=1512j

  3. k=17k+1k

  4. k=15(1)k3k+1

In Exercises 15 and 16, write each sum in summation notation.

  1. 1+12+13+14+  +150

  2. 24+816+32

In Exercises 17 –20, determine whether each sequence is ­arithmetic. If a sequence is arithmetic, find the first term a1 and the common difference d.

  1. 11, 6, 1, 4, 

  2. 23, 56, 1, 76, 

  3. an=n2+4

  4. an=3n5

In Exercises 21–24, find an expression for the nth term of each arithmetic sequence.

  1. 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, …

  2. 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, …

  3. x, x+1, x+2, x+3, x+4, 

  4. 3x, 5x, 7x, 9x, 11x, …

In Exercises 25 and 26, find the common difference d and the nth term an for each arithmetic sequence.

  1. 3rd term: 7; 8th term: 17

  2. 5th term: 16; 20th term: 46

In Exercises 27 and 28, find each sum.

  1. 7+9+11+13+  +37

  2. 14+12+34+1+  +15

In Exercises 29 and 30, find the sum of the first n terms of each arithmetic sequence.

  1. 3, 8, 13, ; n=40

  2. 6, 5.5, 5, ; n=60

In Exercises 31–34, determine whether each sequence is ­geometric. If a sequence is geometric, find the first term a1 and the common ratio r.

  1. 4, 8, 16, 32, 

  2. 15, 110, 120, 140, 

  3. 13, 1, 53, 9, 

  4. an=2n

In Exercises 35 and 36, for each geometric sequence, find the first term a1, the common ratio r, and the nth term an.

  1. 16, 4, 1, 14, 

  2. 56,13,215,475, 

In Exercises 37 and 38, find the indicated term of each ­geometric sequence.

  1. a10 when a1=2, r=3

  2. a12 when a1=2, r=32

In Exercises 39 and 40, find the sum Sn of the first n terms of each geometric sequence.

  1. 110, 15, 25, 45, ; n=12

  2. 2, 1, 12,14, ; n=10

In Exercises 41–44, find each sum.

  1. 12+16+118+154+ 

  2. 5245825 

  3. i=1(35)i

  4. i=17(14)i

In Exercises 45 and 46, use mathematical induction to prove that each statement is true for all natural numbers n.

  1. k=1n2k=2n+12

  2. k=1nk(k+1)=n(n+1)(n+2)3

In Exercises 47 and 48, evaluate each binomial coefficient.

  1. (127)

  2. (110)

In Exercises 49 and 50, find each binomial expansion.

  1. (x3)4

  2. (x2+2)6

In Exercises 51 and 52, find the specified term.

  1. (x+2)12; term containing x5

  2. (x+2y)12; term containing x7

In Exercises 53–64, use any method to solve the problem.

  1. How many different numbers can be written with the digits 1, 2, 3, and 4 if no digit may be repeated?

  2. How many ways can horses finish in first, second, and third place in a ten-horse race?

  3. How many ways can seven people line up at a ticket ­window? 

  4. In a building with seven entrances, how many ways can you enter the building and leave by a different entrance?

  5. How many ways can five movies be listed on a display ­(vertically, one movie per line)?

  6. How many different amounts of money can you make with a nickel, a dime, a quarter, and a half-dollar?

  7. How many ways can three candies be taken from a box of ten candies?

  8. How many ways can 2 face cards be drawn from a standard 52-card deck?

  9. How many ways can 2 shirts and 3 pairs of pants be chosen from 12 shirts and 8 pairs of pants?

  10. How many doubles teams can be formed from eight tennis players?

  11. In how many distinguishable ways can the letters of the word R E I T E R A T E be arranged?

  12. A bookshelf has room for four books. How many different arrangements can be made on the shelf from six available books?

In Exercises 65–74, find the probability requested.

  1. Four silver dollars, all with different dates, are randomly arranged on a horizontal display. What is the probability that the two with the most recent dates will be next to each other?

  2. A jar contains five white, three black, and two green stones. What is the probability of drawing a black stone on a single draw?

  3. The word R A N D O M has been spelled in a game of Scrabble. If two letters are chosen from this word at random, what is the probability that they are both consonants?

  4. The names of all 30 party guests are placed in a box, and one name is drawn to award a door prize. If you and your date are among the guests, what is the probability that one of you will win the prize?

  5. If two people are chosen at random from a group consisting of five men and three women, what is the probability that one man and one woman are chosen?

  6. A company determines that 32% of the e-mail it receives is junk mail. What is the probability that a randomly chosen e-mail at this company is not junk mail?

  7. If 2 cards are drawn from a standard 52-card deck, what is the probability that both are clubs?

  8. A battery manufacturer inspects 500 batteries and finds that 30 are defective. What is the probability that a randomly selected battery is not defective?

  9. A ball is taken at random from a pool table containing balls numbered 1 through 9. What is the probability of obtaining (a) ball number 7? (b) an even-numbered ball? (c) an odd-numbered ball?

  10. A clothes dryer load contains two shirts, four pairs of socks, and three nightgowns. You pull one item randomly from the dryer.

    1. What is the probability that it is a sock?

    2. What is the probability that it is a nightgown?

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