Always keep this book close to you when using Tableau, and look at the following screenshot if you need to ask yourself a question about the hierarchy between filters:

Of course, on top, you find the Extract Filters. As the extract is a local copy of your data, if you add a filter when creating the extract, you completely remove the filtered data. In second place among the data source options, you can add Data Source Filters. All the data is present, but only some are used. Then, as we saw, Context and Dimension Filters, and at the bottom, the filters based on Measure. Fixed, Include/Exclude, and Table Calculation are advanced techniques we'll address later. 

Let's continue with a very special shelf called Pages.