FTP is a protocol created for transferring files over TCP/IP across a network. It is a protocol that runs over TCP ports 20 and 21 for the data and control connections respectively.

HTTP and HTTPS are both used for browsing the internet, or connecting to other software that are hosted inside your organization or in the cloud. HTTPS is used when we secure HTTP with SSL/TLS in order to protect the clear text data exchange from intrusion and hacking. It is used when connecting to your bank, mail account (for example, Gmail), or any other secured application.

Starting from 1991, HTTP has gone through different revisions, such as versions 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, and the latest, 2.0, published in 2015.

In this chapter, we will discuss these protocols, how they work, and how to use Wireshark to find common errors and problems in the network.