The Private Information tab on the employee screen contains the individual's private details that are of interest to the HR department, such as Private Address, Date of Birth, and citizenship status:

The nationality field allows you to select from the entire country listing that comes pre-loaded in Odoo. Typically, the Identification No field would be used for an employee badge. Odoo includes a Passport No on the form, which may be required in some cases where a company is required to report citizenship information to the government.

If you do decide to enter a home address for the employee, you will be taken to another screen. Near the bottom of the form, you have the ability to specify Gender, Marital Status, and Date of Birth for the employee.