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Index

a
abreast seating
- eight 193, 198, 203, 204, 493
- five 193, 202
- four 193, 195, 201, 327, 493
- nine 193, 204
- seven 193, 196, 198, 203, 204, 327
- six 193, 195, 196, 198, 202, 493
- ten 193, 195, 196, 198, 204, 493
- three 193, 200, 327
- two 193, 195, 196, 198, 200, 204, 327, 340, 440, 493, 515, 525
accelerated stop distance 830
acceleration 10, 11, 36, 37, 87–91, 319, 428, 504, 548, 555, 585, 612, 613, 637, 639–642, 645, 647, 651, 654–658, 660, 671, 673, 718–720, 724, 926
- gravity 36, 37, 428
active control technology (ACT) 262, 743, 752–754
actuator disc 569–570
additive drag 496, 526
advance ratio 567, 571, 575
advanced tactical support (ATF) 293
adverse environment 43, 826–827, 838–842, 848
aerodynamic balancing 248, 260–262
aeroelasticity 328, 333, 358, 359, 715, 720
aerofoil. see also NACA
- camber 86, 100, 103, 117, 122, 167, 263, 357, 504
- centre of pressure 105–109, 125
- characteristics 79, 91–93, 101, 106, 109, 117, 123, 148–150, 502, 503, 567
- chord 107, 115, 139, 163, 504, 948–952
- comparison 105
- five‐digit 93–95, 100, 105, 118–120, 122, 124, 164
- four‐digit 93–95, 103–105, 118–120, 122, 124, 164
- GAW 99, 118, 120
- mean line 92, 94, 96, 102
- section 97–98, 101, 164
- selection 101, 106, 117, 120–123, 167, 181, 329, 378, 650
- supercritical 97–101, 115, 116, 118, 164, 167, 494, 509
- thickness ratio 91, 115, 120, 162, 494, 516, 531
- thickness‐to‐chord 115, 123, 162, 181, 182, 272, 328, 329, 332, 344, 494, 516, 531, 628
- Whitcomb 98–100, 115, 116, 208
aerofoil design
- direct method 123–124
- inverse method 123, 124
after‐burning gas turbine 350, 362, 372, 461, 548, 549, 555–556, 565, 837
aileron 49, 79, 87, 89, 139, 140, 174–175, 229–231, 236, 244, 256–259, 261, 263, 308, 328, 330, 343, 344, 358, 368, 373, 379, 382, 473, 520, 523, 718, 731, 732, 734, 742, 746, 747, 751, 858, 863, 865, 870, 939
- Frise 261
air data
- computer 710, 752, 869
- instruments 854
air defence 14, 17, 292, 293, 296, 298, 299, 301, 669
air speed
- calibrated (CAS) 633
- equivalent (EAS) 633, 645, 647, 648, 675, 708, 717, 722, 727
- ground 633
- indicated (IAS) 633
- true (TAS) 44, 589, 597, 599, 633, 645, 727, 728, 942
air staff requirement 316
air superiority 10, 14, 292–294, 350, 372, 461, 563
airborne early warning (AEW) 293
airbus xxxvi, lviii, 4, 15, 23, 69, 115, 118, 125, 134, 140, 160, 177, 180, 233, 274–278, 288, 387, 389, 406, 427, 547, 565, 581, 625, 757, 775, 852, 870, 899–901, 932, 933, 964
aircraft
- centre of gravity 33, 87, 125, 206, 237, 315, 384, 428–478, 608, 710, 730, lvi
- centre of pressure 125
- civil mission 352
- classification 11–13, 26–27
- classification–military 26–27
- combat 224, 353, 358, 362
- component liii, lv, lvi, lviii, 35, 52, 67, 84, 88, 117, 125, 127, 188, 206, 229, 252–253, 268, 272, 292, 304–310, 318–320, 322–325, 327, 337, 348, 353–354, 357, 363, 371, 385, 407, 416, 426, 429–431, 436–446, 455, 457, 461, 463, 464, 468, 471, 476, 480, 483, 488–500, 510, 511, 608, 683, 687, 690, 692, 697, 730, 737, 747, 748, 757, 759, 761, 766, 776, 814, 820, 824
- component groups–mass 436–443
- cost lvii, lviii, 61, 268, 271, 609, 618, 625, 682–710, 814, 820, 847
- design choices–civil 291–292
- evolution 10–13, 293, 443
- familiarisation 48–52
- family variants 200–205, 610, 817
- force 89, 242
- load 89–91, 274, 401, 403, 715–729
- mission 128, 162, 181, 192, 270–271, 294, 299, 541, 628, 667, 687
- moment 33, 264, 267, 506, 737
- motion 86–88, 256, 718, 730–732, 734, 736, 744, 752
- neutral point (NP) 33, 125, 262, 320, 433–435, 460, 471, 476, 748
- price 23, 323, 628, 679, 683, 684, 686, 687, 701–703, 705–707, 814, 819, 941
- sizing lvii, lx, 10, 34, 36, 62, 65, 269, 272, 294, 316, 323, 324, 352, 371, 426, 443, 479, 540, 581, 583, 584, 608–629, 632, 649, 914
- specification liv, 46, 53, 55–57, 66–71, 181, 315, 316, 318, 321, 337, 338, 342, 344, 350, 351, 375, 726
- speed lxi, 9, 10, 49, 117, 120, 132, 162, 166, 167, 170, 175, 179, 214, 225, 261, 274, 309, 324, 328, 387, 397, 412, 413, 448, 481, 502, 503, 506, 536, 542, 545, 549, 560–562, 564, 567, 571, 574, 580, 581, 594, 633, 637, 638, 641, 642, 647, 660, 721, 723, 726, 736, 757, 841, 856, 858, 878, 907, 910
- statistics–civil 271–282
- statistics–military 299–304
- turning 390, 391, 396
- variant 206, 277, 334, 418, 521, 610, 624, 628, 629, 679, 680
aircraft classification number (ACN) 387, 405
aircraft flight‐track monitoring (AFM) 709
aircraft health monitoring (AHM) 708
aircraft lighting 870
aircraft monitoring
- flight‐track 709
- health 708
- performance (APM) xxxv, 24, 668, 708, 710
aircraft performance
- balanced field length 635, 636
- climb 592, 644–647
- constant speed climb 647
- cruise 649–647
- descent 648–649
- grid 602–606
- landing 642–644
- military mission profile 669–670
- monitoring (APM) xxxv, 24, 668, 708, 710
- payload range 649–651
- takeoff 635–641
aircraft structure. see structure
air‐to‐air refueling 293, 301
airworthiness liv, lxi, 9, 23–25, 29, 45, 47, 53, 57, 63, 64, 73–75, 262, 280, 286, 554, 557, 608, 619, 626, 627, 632, 636, 639, 642, 678, 679, 743, 744, 826, 828, 829, 831, 834, 838, 843, 844, 851, 857
aisle
- double 197, 199, 203, 274, 445
- single 29, 48, 196, 198, 200, 202, 274, 277, 445
AJT. see also worked‐out example
- and growth potential 626
- performance 668–677
- undercarriage layout 422, 425
altimeter 44, 45, 854, 855, 869
altitude
- density 43–45
- pressure 37, 43, 44
aluminum alloy 775
amortization 610, 618, 684, 686, 689, 691, 697, 698, 700, 807, 815
angle
- bank 89, 235, 651, 746, 747, 858
- downwash 145–149, 241, 249, 254, 734
- effective 145–147
- incidence 136, 232
- pitch 558, 566, 567, 571, 718, 731, 736
- roll 734, 736
- yaw 217, 244, 739, 746
angle of attack (AOA) probe 856–857
anhedral 134–136, 181, 182, 230, 232, 235, 239, 263, 265, 291, 328, 329, 331, 357, 367, 368, 373, 520, 735, 736, 740, 748, 754
antenna location 869
anti‐icing 328, 335, 356, 360, 556, 560, 693, 694, 697, 698, 832, 839, 865, 867, 871, 874–877
area rule 52, 78, 207–208, 308
Ashby plot 771
aspect ratio (AR) 51, 66, 115, 127, 129, 138, 142, 148, 149, 159, 173, 180, 230, 249, 251, 272, 278, 280, 281, 290, 328, 329, 331, 333, 334, 342, 344–346, 356–359, 367, 368, 370, 373, 374, 378, 379, 381, 449, 473, 482, 494, 502–508, 611, 626, 727, 745, 748, 799, 801, 918, 937, 943, 944, 961
Association of European Airline (AEA) 683, 687–688, 701, 703, 941
atmosphere
- non‐standard 43–44
- standard 36–43, 578
automation 19, 321, 351, 541, 821, 844–845, 848, 896
auxiliary power unit (APU) 440, 441, 453, 466, 858, 867, 868, 870, 872, 890, 945
avionics 3, 29, 63, 66, 222, 270, 294, 297, 298, 355, 362, 365, 367, 372, 427, 437, 440, 441, 453, 462, 467, 471, 477, 522, 618, 623, 687–689, 814, 815, 831, 842, 847, 848, 858, 859, 861, 868–870, 872, 885, 939
A‐weighted scale 833
axes
- body‐fixed 87
- wind 87–89, 644, 651

b
balance
- bevelled trailing edge 258
- control force 260–262
- horn 259, 261, 742
- overhang 258, 261
- trim tab 256, 258, 742, 863
balanced field length (BFL) 635–639, 641, 642, 654–661, 671, 942, 944
banjo frame 333, 799, 800
battery lxi, 461, 542, 899–902, 904–908, 911–919
beam 137, 449, 759–761, 775–778, 780, 782–783, 796, 797, 801, 802, 882, 884
bending 51, 129, 159, 177, 215, 216, 219, 306, 329, 334, 357, 367, 449, 557, 611, 741, 749, 759, 760, 762, 776–778, 780, 791, 793–797, 800–803
bird strike 629, 680, 827, 830, 841–842
Bizjet. see worked‐out example
blade element 567, 568, 571–572
Bleriot, Louis 6, 8, 788
bob weight 260–262
Boeing 737 variants, 23, 138, 180, 277, 317
Boeing 787 (F), 180, 581, 757
Boeing Sonic cruiser 167
boundary layer
- bleed 226, 227, 309, 360, 361, 562, 563
- high 81, 110, 217, 309, 502, 563, 716, 888
- laminar 83, 91
- low 83, 110, 114, 115, 205, 563, 716
- turbulent 83, 91, 888
Brayton (Joule) cycle 551
Breguet range equation 817, 912, 913, 917
brittle 766, 785
brushless DC motor (BLDC) 905, 910, 911
buckling 781–784, 797, 804
buffet 651, 716–718, 857
bulkhead 189, 190, 201, 205, 223, 326, 356, 366, 416, 419, 422, 443, 448, 694, 696, 697, 794, 795, 798
BWB. see blended wing body
by‐pass ratio (BPR)
- high 542, 544, 548, 556, 585, 837
- low 347, 351, 362, 544, 555
by‐pass ratio (turbofan) 542, 581, 585, 837

c
cabin
- air flow 873
- crew 70, 75, 200–205, 283, 285, 287, 326, 327, 337, 438, 454, 459, 461, 703, 705, 707, 829, 851, 941
- pressurisation 288, 326, 493, 515, 634, 648, 661, 663, 665, 666, 830, 858, 871–872, 934
- seat layout 197–205
- width 198–205, 338
California Bearing Ration (CBR) 403
canard 6, 51, 52, 66, 167, 170, 230–232, 237–240, 257, 258, 306–308, 337, 358, 718, 736, 738, 749, 755, 856, 864, 865
candidate aircraft lvi, 66, 127, 229, 317, 322
canopy 223, 224, 352–354, 377, 483, 492, 493, 515, 516, 518, 525, 531, 848, 879–881, 932, 947
cargo
- container 203, 204, 207, 288
- sizes 204, 288
Carry Out Counter Insurgency (COIN) 316, 356, 375, 383, 463, 472–477, 581
case studies lviii, lix, 67–71, 585, 690, 710, 820, 888, 892–893, 915, 932–947
caster
- angle 392
- length 392
cathode ray tube (CRT) 858
Cayley, George 4
ceiling
- absolute 716, 892
- operating 717
- service 71, 72, 908
center of gravity (CG)
- determination 468
- position 52, 206, 216–218, 238, 239, 243, 263, 315, 320, 327, 330, 331, 337, 343, 348, 356, 357, 361, 366–368, 372, 378, 379, 385, 395, 398, 399, 403, 407, 414–416, 418–420, 422–425, 429, 431, 433, 435, 436, 455, 459–461, 468, 471, 472, 476, 608, 710, 739, 748–750
- range 753
centre
- aerodynamic 33, 78, 105–109, 125, 145, 146, 150, 152, 162, 237, 241, 247, 307, 435, 751
- pressure 105–109, 125, 209
centripetal 38, 651
chandelle 74
Chengdu J‐10 187
chord
- mean aerodynamic 107, 139–144, 209, 237, 320, 398, 456, 490, 738
- root 51, 134, 139, 140, 143, 170, 306, 329, 334, 342, 346, 349, 357, 368, 373, 374, 379, 381–383, 449, 473, 494, 512, 513, 520, 521, 523, 524, 527, 943, 944
- tip 134, 139, 143, 334, 342, 346, 349, 368, 373, 374, 379, 381–383, 473, 512, 513, 520, 521, 523, 524, 527, 566, 943, 944
chronology–fighter aircraft 295
circulation 43, 85, 86, 93, 145, 153, 155, 156
Civil Air Regulation (CAR) 828
civil aircraft configuration 288–291, 304, 323–324
civil versus military 26–27, 133–134
clearway (CWY) 629, 671, 673, 680
climb
- accelerated 645, 647, 661, 669, 675
- first segment 636–638, 661, 662
- fourth segment 637, 638
- gradient 171, 611, 612, 625, 629, 632, 636, 638, 639, 643, 654, 656, 658, 659, 661, 674, 680, 835
- initial climb lvi, 282, 373, 374, 597, 611, 614, 616, 617, 620, 623, 632, 634, 653, 675, 914, 915, 917
- rate of
  - schedule 579, 647, 675
  - unaccelerated 614, 647, 671, 674, 675
- second segment 637, 638
- third segment 637, 638
close air support (CAS) 52, 292, 294, 296, 316, 463, 519, 581, 619, 680
cobra (Pugachev) 170, 751, 755
cockpit layout. see flight deck
Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) 24, 73–75, 829
coefficient
- drag 52, 91, 96, 481, 482, 487, 489, 492, 498, 505, 507, 510, 519, 526, 537, 625, 661, 664, 668, 674, 675, 736, 938
- friction 82, 85, 396–397, 400, 480, 489–491, 501, 523, 530, 642, 654, 672, 674
- lift 91, 96, 103, 112, 114, 116, 149, 154, 160, 162, 173, 230, 338, 363, 375, 502, 566, 603, 615, 616, 620, 650, 652, 661, 663, 668, 675, 721
- moment 91, 103, 105, 151, 209, 211, 213, 245, 248, 253, 733, 734, 736
- pressure 85, 91, 112, 114, 566
- thrust 141–144, 155, 156, 240, 342, 343, 346, 349, 357, 366, 368–370, 373, 374, 379–383, 473, 512, 513, 520, 521, 523, 524, 566, 571, 572, 575, 595, 625, 943, 944
Coffin corner 716–717
combat manoeuvre 267, 856
component, aircraft liii, lv, lvi, lviii, 35, 52, 67, 84, 88, 117, 125, 127, 188, 206, 229, 252–253, 268, 272, 292, 304–310, 318–320, 322–325, 327, 337, 348, 353–354, 357, 363, 371, 385, 407, 416, 426, 429–431, 436–446, 455, 457, 461, 463, 464, 468, 471, 476, 480, 483, 488–500, 510, 511, 608, 683, 687, 690, 692, 697, 730, 737, 747, 748, 757, 759, 761, 766, 776, 814, 820, 824
composite
- fibre 789–791
- material 3, 84, 85, 207, 239, 428, 757, 758, 766, 788–793, 805, 842, 867
- strength characteristics 791
compressibility
- correction 114–115, 163, 528, 633, 647
- effect 100, 113–115, 117, 118, 129, 160–167, 181, 292, 311, 324, 480, 489, 490, 502, 503, 532, 549, 561, 574, 581
compressible drag 115, 166
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) 25, 49, 80, 128, 253, 310, 320, 479, 542, 615, 743, 850, 886–897
computer aided drawing (CAD) liii, lx, 27, 32, 33, 36, 64, 66, 67, 76, 101, 124, 325, 348, 353, 354, 394, 426, 430, 440, 443, 455, 490, 542, 784, 806, 807, 810, 819, 821–823, 886, 888, 890, 895
conceptual study liii, 33, 46, 56, 57, 60, 80, 291, 322, 363, 397, 426, 629, 680, 684, 718, 806, 808, 886, 887
- phases 1–3 and 4, 33, 58, 60, 62–64, 323, 352
concrete surface 404
Congreve, William 22
conservation equations
- energy 887
- mass 887
- momentum 887
container cargo 203, 204, 207, 288
- standard 288, 289
control
- aerodynamic balancing 258, 260–262
- irreversible 258–259
- reversible 258–259
- trim tabs 259–262, 741–743
control augmented system (CAS) 752
control configurated vehicle (CCV) 308
control subsystem
- electromechanical 256, 864
- mechanical control linkage 256, 863
- optical signal 256, 864
- push–pull rod type 256, 863
- wire–pulley type 256, 863
control surface 52, 66, 112, 238, 258–262, 264, 307–308, 310, 324, 330, 358, 379, 449, 494, 516, 525, 531, 710, 741, 742, 751–753, 793
control volume (CV) 80, 487, 552
controller 20, 754, 861, 862, 870, 900, 902, 904, 905
converter 907
cost
- aircraft lvii, lviii, 61, 268, 271, 609, 618, 625, 682–710, 814, 820, 847
- cash operating 23, 709
- direct operating 23, 137, 196, 271, 479, 563, 609, 683, 701–707, 813, 918
- drivers 683, 685, 686, 690, 692–695, 700
- factors 20, 687, 820
- fixed 701–703, 705, 707, 709, 918
- fraction 687–689, 701
- frame
  - indirect operating 23, 196, 688
  - levels 60
  - life cycle 30, 294, 297, 351, 629, 680, 682, 683, 689, 690
  - manufacturing lvii, lviii, 13, 30, 60, 130, 136, 315, 343, 368, 379, 479, 492, 618, 682–686, 690, 691, 695–699, 702, 810, 812–814, 816
  - modelling 30, 683, 685, 686, 690–701, 815
  - operating 26
  - trip 23, 701–703, 705–707, 709, 710
  - unit 61, 193, 317, 610, 618, 695, 815, 817–819
counter insurgency (COIN) 463, 581
cowl 217, 219, 221, 227, 336, 690–701
creep 192, 697, 786, 887
cruise
- constant altitude 912
- constant speed 912
- constant thrust 912
- high speed (HSC) 118, 160, 162, 182, 248, 282, 337, 342, 373, 374, 480, 481, 483, 487, 489, 490, 502, 503, 511, 519, 538, 567, 581, 584, 611, 616, 625, 632, 649, 653, 663–664, 668, 669, 675, 708, 914, 915, 942
- long range (LRC) 122, 160, 163, 220, 240, 337, 342, 344, 480–491, 496–498, 501–503, 511, 513, 515, 519, 538, 546, 547, 565, 579, 581, 584, 649, 651, 667–668, 708, 710, 817, 932, 938, 939, 942
Curtiss 6–8, 385, 540
customer 25, 179, 291, 322, 481, 557, 608, 668, 748, 806, 889, 942
cycle
- ideal 551
- real 55, 551

d
da Vinci, Leonardo 4
d'Arlandes, Francois Laurent 4
de Rozier, Pilatre 4
decibel 833
de‐fogging 839, 871, 874, 875
de‐icing 43, 556, 839, 849, 874–875
density
- air 44, 45, 549, 578, 633, 716, 865
- material 769
descent
- performance 631, 632, 634, 648–649, 664–668
- rate 400, 642, 648, 664–667
- speed 666, 747
design consideration technology‐driven
- management‐driven 816
- manufacture‐driven 816
- operator‐driven 816–817
design for
- assembly 808, 814, 816
- Component Commonality 815
- Customer 807, 808, 815, 817–820, 824
- Life Cycle 815
- manufacture/assembly (DFM/A) lviii, 14, 29, 683, 686, 690, 692–695, 697–701, 806–811, 814, 815, 818, 822
- quality 814, 816
- recycling 815, 816
- Six Sigma 14, 756, 806, 807, 810–812, 814–816
Design‐Build‐Team (DBT) 58, 64, 806
detonation chord 880
dihedral 134–137, 177, 181, 182, 230, 232, 235, 239, 245, 263, 291, 311, 328, 329, 331, 333, 334, 343, 345, 349, 356–359, 367, 373, 379, 382, 431, 473, 512, 520, 523, 734, 735, 740, 745, 746, 748, 754, 755, 943–945
direct operating cost (DOC)
- breakdown 701, 702
- fixed‐cost element 701–703, 705, 707, 709, 918
- formulation 703–707
- trip‐cost element 701–703, 706, 707, 709
directional
- divergence 745, 746
- stability 230, 244, 245, 251, 350, 732–734, 744, 746, 753
display
- air data system (SD) 858, 859
- head down 860
- head up (HUD) 844, 860–862
- helmet mounted (HMD) 862
- multifunctional (MFD) 71, 72, 854, 858–859, 861, 869
- navigational (ND) 858, 859
- primary flight (PFD) 858, 860
disposal liv, 57, 58, 221, 236, 294, 351, 682, 689, 690, 808, 816, 825, 827, 842–843, 877
distributed electric propulsion (DEP) 910–911
dive brake. see speed brake
diverterless supersonic intake (DSI) 227, 563
doors
- egress 285, 286, 848, 851–853
- slides/chutes 848, 852–853
- types 851
dorsal fin 229, 264, 265, 310, 349, 350, 380
downwash
- angle 146–149, 241, 249, 254, 734
- wing 233, 240–241
drag
- actual 484, 485, 487, 526, 538, 628
- base 496–498, 500, 517, 892, 935, 936
- boat tail 219, 495–498, 517, 936
- breakdown 482–483
- canopy 492, 493, 515, 516, 525, 531, 932
- dive brake/spoiler 506
- empennage 495
- estimation lvi, lx, 34, 70, 141, 187, 426, 480, 488–492, 495, 496, 498, 501, 508–511, 519, 522, 524, 527, 533–536, 538, 612, 656, 936
- excrescence 479, 480, 491, 494, 499–501, 509, 812, 888, 889, 935, 936
- flap 504, 505, 944
- flat‐plate equivalent 482, 489, 491, 493, 495, 498, 509, 523, 532, 932–936
- form 481
- formulation 487–489
- fuselage 207, 367, 494, 495, 509, 936
- high‐lift device 481, 504–506
- induced 49, 137, 145, 147–149, 153, 154, 159, 160, 162, 166, 175–179, 181, 182, 207, 235, 277, 280, 290, 291, 329, 344, 350, 479, 482, 483, 485, 486, 488, 504, 506, 510, 518–519, 533, 603, 615, 832, 888, 916, 937
- intake 213, 496–499, 517, 524, 935, 936
- low speed 503–508
- methodology 483, 488–491
- minimum parasitic 489–491
- nacelle 495–499, 501
- one‐engine inoperative 508, 656
- parabolic 484–487, 522, 526, 537, 538, 621, 628, 677–678, 911
- parasite 84, 114, 139, 160, 207, 480–483, 485, 488–501, 504, 506, 518, 522, 524–526, 532, 615, 625, 812, 813, 833, 889, 932, 936, 937
- profile 84, 98, 120, 344, 481, 508
- propeller 508
- pylon 494–495, 514, 517
- spillage 496, 509, 526
- spoiler 506
- subsonic 510, 511, 527
- supersonic 70, 160, 223, 487, 509–511, 527, 533–537
- 3D effects 488, 489, 491, 494, 498, 509, 517, 936
- total 280, 350, 386, 479–483, 487, 501, 503, 506, 510, 519, 522, 526, 536–537, 938
- trim 106, 238, 436, 499, 500, 518, 525, 526, 708, 710, 753, 895, 936, 937
- undercarriage 387, 506–508
- wave 99, 100, 113, 115, 118, 160, 162, 166, 186, 193, 207, 208, 324, 325, 342, 344, 479–483, 485, 486, 488–490, 502–503, 509, 510, 519, 522, 532, 537, 581, 888, 896
- wing 141, 494, 495, 738
drag polar
- actual 484–487, 526, 538, 628
- flat plate 482
- parabolic 484–487, 526, 537, 538, 621, 628, 677–678, 911
drift down 843
D‐ring 878, 881
driver liv, lix, 6, 9, 23, 26, 32, 47, 54, 55, 57, 132, 135, 136, 222, 317, 363, 386, 394, 411, 431–432, 446, 447, 449, 450, 464, 491, 682, 683, 685, 686, 690, 692–695, 700, 702, 753, 766, 822, 826
ductility 766, 786
Dumas, Santos 6
duralumin 9, 428, 757, 787
Dutch roll 265, 743, 745, 746
dynamic head 82, 91, 209, 242, 633, 640, 653, 737, 856

e
Earth
- flat and stationary 87
- round and rotating 87
E‐fan 900, 901
efficiency
- battery 913
- overall 544, 545
- power train 913
- propulsive 544, 545, 548, 553, 572
- thermal 544, 545
egress 224, 285, 286, 327, 848, 851–853, 878–882
ejection 27, 38, 71, 72, 224, 355, 358, 365, 366, 377, 437, 467, 470, 471, 475, 477, 522, 613, 747, 827, 844, 848, 849, 854, 878–883
Ekranoplan
electric aircraft
- analyses 911–914
- sizing 914–916
- theory 911–914
electric propulsion 542, 900, 906, 908, 911, 917
electrical subsystem 869–870
electronic flight instrument system (EFIS) 71, 72, 338, 363, 376, 602, 647, 844, 854, 858–861
electronic warfare (EW) 16, 351
elevon 231, 236
emergency power supply 867–868
emerging exit 189, 285–288, 815, 848, 851, 852, 878
emerging scenario 808, 825, 827, 845
empennage
- design 120, 231, 234–237, 240, 247, 254, 262–265, 308, 330–334, 344, 357–360, 743, 749
- position 232–235
- types 234–235
end‐of‐life disposal liv, 825, 842–843
endurance 19, 72, 364, 845, 908, 911, 919, lxi
energy absorbed
- strut 401
- tyre 401–402
engine
- exhaust 51, 214, 215, 219, 223, 233, 234, 304, 354, 355, 360, 366, 370, 375, 422, 545, 550, 826, 830, 833, 838, 848, 849, 851, 882–884
- grid 603–605
- matched lvi, lx, lxi, 25, 33, 127, 128, 276, 315, 323, 426, 431, 577, 578, 590–594, 608–611, 624, 625, 632, 650, 748, 815
engine and fuel control subsystem
- fuel storage and flow management 865, 867
- piston engine 865–866
- turbofan system 866–867
engine installation 217, 224–228, 290, 309, 382, 497, 501, 525, 556–560
engine performance
- installed 556, 560, 577, 580, 590–594, 602, 632, 666
- military gas turbofan 593–594
- piston engine 598–602
- turbofan (civil) 581–589
- turboprop 594–598
- uninstalled 581–589, 632
engine‐performance data
- turbofan (civil) 581–589
- turbofan (military) 585–587
- turboprop 587–589
engine position 17, 64, 216, 217, 310, 335, 336, 361, 370, 372
engine ratings
- flat rated 578–579
- idle 497, 584, 611, 615, 617, 648, 670, 677
- maximum climb 579, 583–584
- maximum continuous 579, 586, 588, 593, 611, 622, 638, 675, 677, 717
- maximum cruise 579
- takeoff 578, 582–583
environment adverse 43, 826–827, 838–842, 848–849, 874–878
environmental
- control system (see environmental control system (ECS))
- issues lxi, 14, 23, 26, 27, 336, 347, 428, 693, 789, 808, 816, 825, 826, 833–838, 848–851, 899
environmental control system (ECS) 43, 437, 440, 441, 462, 467, 499, 515, 559, 590, 634, 648, 665, 666, 837, 843, 844, 859, 863, 871–874, 890
equation of state 887
equivalent airspeed (EAS) 633, 645, 647, 648, 675, 708, 717, 722, 727
equivalent single wheel load (ESWL) 402–406, 420, 424, 426
escape slide 852–853
Euler angle 244
Euler's equation 782, 895, 927
European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) lv, 24, 73, 286, 825, 829–831, 851
excrescence 479, 480, 482, 493–495, 498, 500, 501, 509, 511, 515–517, 525, 526, 531, 532, 568, 575, 596, 812, 888, 889, 934–936
extended twin operation (ETOP) 10, 334, 825, 827, 843

f
F22 Raptor (F) 884, 885
F117 Nighthawk (F) 16, 511, 750, 754, 884, 885
fabric 8, 394, 408, 410, 411, 428, 784, 788–791, 959–961
factor of safety 428, 720, 721, 762, 784
family variants 200–205, 610, 619, 817, 942
fatigue 241, 634, 709, 744, 753, 786, 787, 812, 837, 844, 845, 850
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) 23–25, 27, 34, 67–70, 73–75, 118, 179, 206, 332, 340, 401, 420, 611, 612, 614, 615, 619, 629, 631, 632, 636–641, 655, 661, 662, 678, 680, 720, 722, 725, 726, 728, 744, 826, 828–830, 838, 941
fence 160, 175, 176
fighter 7, 8, 17, 20, 47, 52, 128, 135, 145, 240, 258, 292, 293, 297–299, 301, 304, 307, 309, 311, 319, 357, 359, 393, 461, 462, 559, 562, 720, 721, 861, 883
- basic manoeuvre 17, 128, 258, 292, 293, 357, 359, 883
fin
- dorsal 229, 264, 265, 310, 349, 350, 380
- ventral 193, 207, 254, 264–265, 310, 350, 437, 489, 749
fineness ratio (FR) 192–194, 209, 211, 272, 325, 326, 335, 336, 340, 341, 348, 349, 354, 366, 367, 373, 374, 378, 382, 473, 491, 512–515, 517, 519, 521, 523, 527, 533, 535, 751, 934, 942–944
finite element
- analyses (FEA) 804–805
- method (FEM) lix, 27, 63, 124, 542, 804–805
fixtures 130, 350, 373, 375, 408, 461, 809, 810, 821, 824
flap 52, 175, 240, 308, 376, 436, 504, 562, 629, 657, 661, 762, 833, 915
flare 509, 637, 640, 642, 655, 656, 672, 884
flight deck
- layout (civil) 860
- layout (military) 224
- level 363, 853
flight envelope 79, 190, 208, 214, 225, 242, 252, 259, 260, 262, 309, 331, 361, 363, 433, 490, 557, 561, 574, 580, 587, 632, 715, 717, 719, 723, 729, 741, 752, 832, 844, 887, 888, 914, 938
flight levels 72, 86, 88, 140, 155, 238, 240, 261, 614, 649, 678, 716, 717, 719, 722, 723, 726, 732, 736, 857, 911, 912
flight test liii, lix, lxi, 17, 24, 25, 32, 34, 53, 60, 63, 67, 74, 175, 217, 220, 227, 233, 239, 241, 253, 254, 259, 260, 262, 264–266, 307, 317, 328, 329, 333, 334, 344, 346, 359, 360, 370, 381, 429, 480, 484, 488, 491, 503, 577, 627, 628, 632, 639, 640, 649, 686, 690, 717, 718, 731, 741, 747, 749, 825, 826, 828, 831–832, 896, 897
flotation 962
flutter 66, 216, 219, 234, 260, 715–718, 720, 725, 830, 832
flyaway tooling 29, 807, 810
fly‐by‐wire (FBW) lv, 23, 52, 132, 231, 280, 318, 435, 541, 730, 752–754, 844, 857
flying hazard 825, 827, 842
foot–pound–second (fps) liv, 34, 38, 40, 42, 48, 401, 420, 445, 447, 463, 481, 573, 575, 596, 613, 615–617, 619–621, 653, 654, 691
force 7, 75, 140, 207, 260, 390, 420, 481, 542, 612, 678, 720, 777, 858, 926
- aircraft 89, 242, 741–747
fracture toughness 765, 766, 768, 771, 772, 785, 786
friction
- braking 396–397, 640, 654, 672
- ground rolling 396–397, 640
- skin 81–83, 85, 92, 104, 178, 207, 479–482, 488–491, 495, 499, 501, 502, 508, 509, 514, 524, 530, 934
front‐closure angle 192, 207, 340, 493, 515, 524
fuel
- cell 899, 902, 904, 906, 907, 913, 914, 916, 917
- consumption 14, 166, 269, 444, 554, 555, 581, 597, 603, 649, 667, 708, 710, 815, 867, 936
- control system 579, 793, 865–867
- fraction 275, 276, 301, 443, 444
- load 129, 160, 186, 237, 272, 275–276, 299, 301, 302, 365, 398, 433, 455, 467, 470, 472, 476, 477, 610, 668, 669
full authority digital electronic control (FADEC) 351, 754, 867
full authority digital engine control (FADEC) 29, 256, 294, 541, 844
fuselage
- aft‐closure angle 192
- aft‐closure length 189, 191, 223
- aft‐end closure 51, 185, 188, 205, 207, 304, 325, 326, 340, 342, 356
- axis 128, 188, 189, 192, 222, 223, 327, 355, 366, 378, 455, 460, 559
- closure 189–192, 222, 326, 354, 355, 366, 493, 512, 515, 527, 934, 942, 944
- configuration 192, 206, 309, 319, 366
- convertible 327
- cross‐section 49, 200, 201, 206, 207, 274, 798, 888
- design 50, 186, 193, 207, 283, 304, 325–327, 353–356, 366, 378, 794
- fineness ratio 192–194, 209, 211, 378, 533, 535
- front‐closure angle 192, 207, 340, 493, 515, 524
- front‐closure length 189, 191
- front‐end closure 190–191, 205, 354, 485
- height 129, 132, 182, 185, 191, 194, 199–203, 211, 223, 326, 340, 416, 419, 424
- layout (civil) 206, 445
- layout (military) 222–224, 354–356
- length 88, 188, 189, 191–193, 196–198, 200–207, 210–212, 223, 234, 246, 263, 272, 278, 280, 283, 287, 326, 331, 340, 341, 343, 344, 349, 360, 366–368, 370, 374, 378, 382, 416, 418, 419, 421, 422, 425, 426, 447, 473, 477, 491, 512, 513, 521, 523, 527, 533, 740, 748, 851, 932, 942, 944
- military 185, 187, 222, 367
- multiboom 233
- nose cone 188, 223
- pitching moment 208–213, 245
- seating 199, 200
- twin boom 235, 749
- upsweep angle 190, 192, 206, 207, 326, 395, 512, 527, 942, 944
- width 185, 197–200, 203, 205, 206, 211, 223, 224, 325, 326, 340, 355, 366, 377, 382, 417, 419, 422, 447, 473, 504, 932
- zero‐reference plane (ZRP) 188, 222, 327, 368, 418, 419, 422, 425, 426, 455, 460

g
Gantt chart lxi, 47, 64, 65
gas turbine station number 546
gauges 633, 809, 841, 854, 856, 859–861, 869, 870
geopotential altitude 37, 40, 43
glove 138, 142, 160, 182, 328, 329
golf ball 81, 83, 84
graphical method 439, 445–446, 463
green house effects 45, 905
grid
- aircraft 605
- engine, propeller 594–598
- engine, turbofan 606–607
- engine, turboprop 594–598
- ground attack aircraft 292, 351, 372, 462
ground effect 133, 825, 826, 832–833
ground‐effect vehicle (GEV) 19
ground rolling 396–397, 640
gust
- envelope 721, 726–729
- load 43, 158, 720, 726–729
Gustav 5
gyroscopic 239, 331, 557, 750, 755

h
hands on throttle and stick (HOTAS) 860, 862
hard turf 397
hardness 786
hazard 43, 285, 384, 388, 390, 398, 564, 642, 825, 827, 842, 848, 851, 866, 874, 876–877, 882
head down display 860
heading indicator 854
head‐up display (HUD) 844, 860–862
health issues 685, 845
helical trajectory 747
helmet‐mounted display (HMD) 862
hesitation roll
high speed cruise (HSC) 118, 160, 162, 182, 248, 282, 337, 342, 373, 374, 480, 481, 483, 487, 489, 490, 502, 503, 511, 519, 538, 567, 581, 584, 611, 616, 625, 632, 649, 653, 663–664, 668, 669, 675, 708, 914, 915, 942
high‐lift
- device 49, 100, 109–112, 117, 123, 170–175, 177, 182, 256, 259, 272, 276, 277, 282, 283, 321, 328, 330, 343, 351, 356, 358, 363, 368, 375, 379, 481, 503–506, 538, 610, 611, 616, 619, 636, 641, 671, 739, 799, 864, 870, 892, 893, 918, 939, 944, 945
- evolution 171–172
- mechanism 171–172
hi‐lo‐hi 362, 670
holding 10, 36, 111, 174, 264, 412, 461, 579, 599, 645, 667, 668, 790, 809, 819, 940, 943, 947
honeycomb 28, 696, 698, 699, 791–793, 850
Hooke's law 765, 779, 785
horizontal‐tail (H‐Tail) 49, 50, 103, 106, 107, 134, 208, 229, 231–232, 255, 280, 304, 308, 331, 344–346, 437, 450, 458, 465, 469, 474, 737, 738, 753, 800, 895
horse power (HP) 12, 574, 582, 678, 946
H‐tail sizing 208, 243, 307, 369, 380
human physiology 9, 634, 825, 843–845
humidity effects 43, 45
hybrid electric aircraft (HEA) 908–910
hydraulic subsystem 870–871
hydrostatic equations 36–43, 923–925
hypersonic
- aircraft 11, 19
- shock wave 169

i
ice accretion 28, 841
icing envelope 839, 840
induced drag 49, 137, 145, 147–149, 153, 154, 159, 160, 162, 166, 175–177, 179, 181, 182, 207, 235, 277, 280, 290, 291, 329, 344, 350, 479, 482, 483, 485, 486, 488, 504, 506, 510, 518–519, 533, 603, 615, 832, 888, 916, 937
inline assembly 29, 810
installation 17, 66, 175, 190, 217, 335, 336, 350, 361, 437, 447, 450, 490, 497, 499, 540, 549, 555–560, 570, 577, 580, 581, 587, 590, 592, 593, 595,–598, 615–617, 620, 622, 694, 827, 830, 847, 856, 866, 868, 869, 905, 917
- engine 211, 224–228, 290, 309, 382, 497, 501, 525, 556–560, 910
instruments
- air data 84
- flight deck lviii, 351, 839, 840, 847, 870
intake
- design (civil) 52, 214, 225, 228, 309, 310, 360, 361, 365, 377, 557, 560–561
- design (military) 52, 225, 309–310, 360, 461, 561–563
- diffuser 214, 497
- highlight diameter 496
- installation 217, 224–228
- integration, engine 556
- position (nacelle) 125, 187, 214–215, 228, 309–310, 323, 360, 361, 365, 497, 545, 556, 561, 562, 580
- subsonic 361, 560–561
- supersonic 227, 309, 361, 560–564
- throat 214, 220, 361, 565 (see also nacelle)
- turboprop 214
- vortex 228
integrated design C_L 566, 573, 574, 594, 595, 946
integrated product and process development (IPPD) 13–14, 27, 53, 58, 64, 123, 322, 352, 363, 683, 690, 701, 806–808, 810
interdiction 14, 166, 292, 293, 296, 299
International Council Of Systems Engineering (INCOSE) 53
International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) 13, 34, 36–39, 41, 43–45, 82, 280, 374, 383, 473, 512, 518, 521, 524, 532, 542, 578–580, 599–602, 610, 611, 615, 620, 632, 642, 654, 660, 831, 855, 923–925, 937
isentropic relations 857, 929

j
Jatho, Karl 5
jet stream 43, 234, 270, 827, 838, 840
Johnson, Clarence 10, 501
joined wing aircraft 17, 18
Joint Aviation Authority (JAA) 24
Joint Unmanned Combat Air System (JUCAS) 310
Joule (Brayton), cycle 551

l
lag 727
laminar 17, 28, 78, 80–85, 93, 95, 96, 98, 118, 123, 181, 261, 489, 490, 542
landing
- baulked 171, 610, 625, 643, 661
- distance 67–69, 71, 72, 373, 374, 615, 661, 667, 674, 942, 944
- flare 642, 656, 672
- performance 642–644
Langley, Samuel P. 6
lateral stability 136, 230, 265, 732, 734–736, 745, 746
lazy eight 74
Lead 767, 769
leading edge root extension (LERX) 132, 183, 208, 265, 266
life cycle cost (LCC) 27, 30, 294, 297, 629, 680, 683, 688–690, 815–817
lift
- curve slope 93, 108, 111, 115, 116, 149, 151, 212
- dumper 49, 175, 330, 833
lift to drag ratio 51, 79, 128, 178, 185, 280, 281, 305, 571, 655, 656, 817, 856
lightning 350, 830, 841, 874, 876–877
Lilienthal, Otto 5
limit
- negative 724
- positive 42, 351, 401, 717, 720, 721, 723, 725, 726
- ultimate 715, 716, 720, 722, 762, 783, 785
lip contraction ratio 931
lip suction 495, 496, 526
lithium 297, 906, 908
lithium polymer battery 906
lithium‐ion battery 903, 904, 907
load
- aircraft 89–91, 274, 401, 403, 715–729
- classification group (LCG) 387, 405–407
- classification number (LCN) 387, 405–407, 412, 421, 422, 425, 426
- in flight 557, 715, 719, 720
- on ground 715, 718
- negative 723–724
- positive 723
- wheel and gears 398–400
load factor
- maximum limit 720–721
- ultimate 720, 762, 938
lo‐lo‐lo 670
long period oscillation (LPO) 743–744
long range cruise 122, 160, 220, 240, 337, 342, 480–485, 487, 488, 490, 491, 498, 501, 503, 511, 513, 514, 519, 538, 546, 547, 579, 584, 649, 651, 668, 710, 932, 939
longeron 794
longitudinal stability 230, 237, 244, 559, 732–734, 753
loop 64, 375, 752, 844
low observable (LO) 294, 297, 298, 883–885
low speed 95, 98, 99, 103, 110, 120, 128, 129, 137, 139, 171, 175, 182, 232, 276, 277, 328, 331, 342, 357, 358, 378–380, 386, 390, 393, 409, 416, 445, 448, 482, 485, 503–508, 538, 542, 562, 611, 716, 724–725, 749, 751, 931
Lycoming Engine 601, 946

m
macadam surface 404
Mach
- cone 168, 183
- critical 100–101, 113, 114, 160, 328, 356
- number 98, 100, 113–116, 162–166, 168, 237, 245, 278, 329, 333, 357, 481, 485, 489, 490, 510, 527, 534–536, 561, 574, 575, 581, 583–585, 592, 597, 602, 603, 645, 650, 661, 675, 724, 725, 728, 896, 927–930
- wave angle 117, 167–169
maneuver 677
- turn 677
manoeuvre
- envelop 721, 725, 762
- pitch 722
- roll 367, 718, 750
- yaw 134, 153, 230, 259, 260, 380, 680, 718, 741, 750
manufacturer's empty mass (MEM) 272, 432, 437, 444, 456, 460, 466, 468, 477
manufacturing practices 807, 809–811
manufacturing process (digital) 17, 27–29, 56, 124, 188, 428, 480, 501, 682, 766, 774, 792, 807, 808, 811, 821, 824
maritime patrol 293
market 10, 46, 78, 93, 133, 193, 269–271, 315, 404, 455, 542, 608, 631, 683, 771, 819, 827, 847, 887, 899
mass estimation 377, 438, 439, 444, 446, 450, 452, 618
mass flow ratio 497, 552, 560, 569, 926
mass (weight) fraction
- analyses 444–445
- civil 443–445, 464
- method 34, 36, 438, 443–445, 461–463
- military 461–463
material aircraft 428, 431, 784, 785
- composite 492, 784, 785
matrix(ces)
- bond 790–791
- ceramic 791
- cost 56, 789, 790, 811
- metal 28
- polymer 790, 791
- selection 811
maximum takeoff mass (MTOM) 158, 177, 272–277, 291, 299–301, 303, 318–320, 328, 336, 349, 352, 362–365, 376, 386, 418, 421, 426, 431, 433, 436, 438, 439, 443, 444, 456, 457, 462, 463, 466, 468, 471, 472, 474, 476, 478, 507, 608, 609, 611, 618, 628, 635, 637, 675, 679, 718, 753, 818, 834, 847, 915
maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) lvi, 33, 74, 75, 177, 256, 272, 315, 321, 323, 324, 329, 342, 351, 353, 357, 399, 400, 402, 412, 420, 433, 436, 442, 444, 445, 447, 453, 454, 457, 459, 465, 467, 470, 474, 507, 610, 613–615, 619, 650, 684, 687, 703–705, 715, 818, 819, 828, 829, 863, 865–867, 919, 939, 964
maximum taxi mass (MTM) 433
mean aerodynamic chord (MAC) 107, 139–144, 155, 175, 237, 263, 320, 324, 346, 368, 398, 407, 419, 422, 424, 456, 468, 737, 742
metals 27, 28, 32, 63, 321, 338, 351, 363, 376, 386, 408, 421, 428, 430, 432, 756–757, 761, 767, 769, 781, 784–791, 808, 816, 842, 867, 876
military 6, 47, 93, 137, 185, 231, 239, 267, 316, 393, 430, 481, 541, 581, 610, 632, 682, 717, 741, 757, 817, 827, 848
- survey 3, 23, 47, 54–57, 74, 76
military aircraft
- component 304–310, 319, 353–354, 461, 463
- generation 297–299, 730
minimum parasite drag 207, 481, 482, 488–491, 494, 499, 501
mission 11, 17, 20, 26, 50, 52, 56, 57, 117, 128, 129, 160, 181, 185, 207, 230, 252, 270–272, 292–294, 298–300, 304, 318, 319, 321, 351, 461, 467, 540, 548, 555, 578, 586, 624, 628, 643, 668, 669, 676, 684, 703–705, 708, 841, 844, 853, 854, 867, 876, 902
mission profile
- statistics 181, 270, 292, 360, 667
- transport aircraft 667
modular concept 541, 578, 816, 869
modulus
- elastic (Young's modulus) 765–767, 771, 772, 777, 782–785
- rigidity 765, 781
moment of inertia 33, 428, 777–779, 802
Montgolfier, Joseph and Etienne 4
motion, aircraft 86–88, 256, 718, 730–732, 734, 736, 744, 752
motor 407, 839, 899, 905, 911
moving frame 26, 47
Multhopp moving frame 155, 209
multi‐disciplinary analyses (MDA) 27, 58, 60, 64, 804
multi‐disciplinary optimisation (MDO) 27, 58–60, 290, 322, 610, 626
multifunctional display (MFD) 71, 72, 282, 557, 844, 854, 858–860, 869
multirole fighter 293, 298, 319, 461
Munk, M. M. 209

n
nacelle
- cost 692–694, 698
- drivers 695
- pod 184–228, 266, 268, 334–336, 360
- position 216–219, 232, 234, 289, 290, 335, 559
narrow body 48, 134, 195, 196, 198–203, 274, 277
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)
- five‐digit aerofoil 94–95, 105, 120, 122, 164
- four‐digit aerofoil 93–95, 103–105, 118–120, 122, 164
- layout 344
- long‐duct 338
- nacelle/intake
  - drag 524
  - external diameter 373
  - fuselage‐mounted 749
- overwing 749
- pod clearance 219, 220
- position 94
- short‐duct 336
- six‐digit aerofoil 95–97, 103–105, 114, 118–120, 122, 164
- underwing 367, 378
- vertical position 245
- wing tip 91, 119, 139, 812
neutral point (NP) lvi, 78, 125, 243, 320, 419, 422, 424, 433–436, 456, 468, 471, 731, 739, 753
Newton, Isaac 4
Night Hawk, F117 16, 511, 750, 754, 884, 885
noise
- emission 335, 360, 830, 833–838, 848–851
- foot print 835, 836
- perceived 833
- propeller 849
- radiation 837
- source 28
- standards 830, 902
- suppression 557, 558, 849
noise level 220, 548, 555, 557, 565, 826, 834, 835, 837, 906
nose wheel 49, 216, 219, 291, 334, 337, 374, 382, 385–387, 390, 395, 396, 398–401, 403, 411, 415–420, 422, 424–426, 508, 642, 644, 962–964
- failed 395
nozzle 187, 213–214, 220, 225, 360–361, 370, 490, 495–497, 546–549, 552–556, 560–565, 577, 581, 935
- exhaust 187, 220–221, 354, 355, 360, 370, 371, 501, 509, 545, 548, 557, 558, 563–565, 570

o
one engine inoperative 70, 215, 251, 280, 290, 508, 557, 578, 611, 613, 614, 635–638, 640, 647, 656–662
operating cost (OC) lvii, lxi, 23, 30, 271, 288, 322, 479, 628, 679, 683, 684, 687–690, 706, 708, 900, 905, 908, 917–918, 941
operational empty mass (OEM) 272, 274–276, 301, 319, 363, 364, 373, 374, 376, 377, 432–435, 438, 440, 444, 456, 460, 463, 466, 471, 474, 477, 521, 522, 753, 863
- fraction 177, 272, 274, 301
operator's empty weight (OEW) 272, 382, 436, 441, 462, 470, 472, 523, 628, 679, 680, 784, 939, 943, 947
- fraction 272
Oswald's efficiency factor 122, 139, 147–149, 151, 342, 367, 378, 380, 481, 485, 486, 522, 537, 538, 621
- variation 367, 485, 621
overall pressure ratio (OPR) 606–607, 704
oxygen
- supply 68, 69, 71, 72, 843, 874
- system 437, 454, 467, 470, 475, 874

p
parasite drag 84, 114, 139, 207, 480–483, 485, 488–491, 493–501, 506, 518, 522, 526, 532, 615, 812, 813, 833, 889, 932, 936, 937
pavement 390, 397, 402–405, 414. see also runway
- classification number (PCN) 387, 400–405
payload range liv, lx, 14, 56, 130, 192, 270–271, 291, 299, 300, 311, 315, 323, 324, 329, 338, 590, 592, 609, 610, 618, 624, 627, 628, 631, 632, 634, 649–651, 663, 667–669, 678, 817, 932, 939–940, 943, 947
perceived noise level 833, 834
phases of project 33, 684
photo voltaic (PV) 904, 907, 919
phugoid 743–744
physiology
- flight 9, 634, 825, 843–845
- human 9, 634, 825, 843–845
Piaggio 238, 451
piston engine 12, 13, 67, 117, 215, 235, 290, 292, 297, 374, 375, 442, 445, 451, 453, 508, 540, 542, 546, 549–551, 556, 559, 565, 570, 572, 575, 577, 598–602, 678, 858, 865–866, 875, 908, 945
piston engine–supercharged 550, 599
pitch 6, 52, 87, 89, 110, 111, 189, 195, 197, 198, 200–206, 208, 230, 231, 236, 239–241, 244, 252, 253, 255, 258, 265, 283, 306–309, 336, 347, 348, 358, 566, 567, 571, 575, 594, 644, 718–721, 723, 725, 731, 732, 736, 741–743, 750, 853, 865
pitot 225, 309, 360, 367, 480, 500, 545, 559–560, 580, 812, 854, 855, 926
Pline, Joseph 4
pneumatic system 871–874
position error 633, 831
potato curve 433, 434, 468
Power Control Unit (PCU) 256, 259, 863, 870
power train
- fuel cell 906–907
- solar 907–908
Prandtl–Glauert Rule 114
probe
- angle of attack 856–857
- temperature 857
process planning 684, 821, 822, 824
Product, Process and Resource (PPR) Hub 807, 822, 823
propeller
- activity factor 567, 572, 574, 594
- advance ratio 567, 571, 575
- blade element theory 567, 571–572
- blade‐pitch angle 566, 567
- constant pitch 567
- definition 566–568
- design C_L 122, 375, 378, 380, 573, 574, 594–596, 946
- momentum theory 568–570
- performance 567, 568, 571–575, 587, 594–596, 598, 947
- power 324, 353, 374, 566
- power coefficient 566, 575
- theory 540, 566, 568–572
- thrust 508, 549, 556, 566, 571, 678
- thrust coefficient 566
- type 566
- variable pitch 567, 569, 571, 575
Pugachev Cobra 170, 751, 755
push pull 256–259, 863, 864
pylon 49, 50, 71, 72, 136, 215–217, 229, 264, 266, 334–336, 348, 350, 373, 437, 440, 441, 450, 451, 460, 461, 466, 471, 490, 494–495, 498, 509, 514, 517, 518, 527, 580, 932, 934, 936, 937, 943

q
Q‐corner 716–717
quasi‐level 645
quasi‐steady 645–648, 661, 663, 673

r
radar
- cross‐section 319, 884, 885
- signature 10, 297, 358, 751, 882–885
radar cross‐section signature (RCS) 10, 297, 358, 751, 882–885
Ragone plot 903
rain removal 839, 849, 874, 875
rake angle 392
Ram Air Turbine (RAT) 868, 870
Raptor F22 884, 885
rating
- idle 497, 579, 584, 592, 615, 617, 648
- installed 595
- maximum climb 579, 581, 583–593, 596–598, 603–604, 632, 661, 675, 843
- maximum cruise 579, 581, 584, 585, 587–589, 592, 596–598, 603–606, 611, 632, 649, 664, 668, 675, 717
- maximum takeoff 593, 595, 611, 622, 638
- uninstalled 595
reconnaissance 7, 8, 10, 16, 21, 292, 293, 717, 883
recovery factor 219, 225, 499, 545, 561, 562, 580, 857
regression analyses 269, 272, 274, 280, 299–304, 377, 439, 442, 445, 509
regulations 20, 24, 34, 70, 75, 146, 200, 271, 283, 632, 635, 639, 642, 717, 719, 720, 762, 825, 827–831, 834, 838, 842
reliability and maintainability (R&M) 814, 815
remotely piloted vehicles (RPVs) lix, 19–21, 293
Request for Proposal (RFP) 55–57, 70, 181, 316, 317, 350, 362
required runway distance 396, 424, 426, 564, 637, 640, 661, 671, 827, 835
research design and development (RD&D) 55
resilience 786
return to base 64, 299, 587
revenue passenger mile (RPM) 14, 905
Reynolds number (Re) 80, 101–105, 141, 151, 179, 254, 480, 489–491, 514, 524, 530, 728, 887, 895, 932, 934
- critical 81
rib 128–130, 148, 328, 333, 356, 359, 781, 783, 795, 797, 959, 961
rigid body equation 743
roll 52, 89, 134, 135, 140, 230, 232, 244, 379, 732, 734, 744–746, 865
rudder 49, 79, 87, 89, 230, 232, 234, 235, 240, 244, 247, 251, 254, 256, 259, 261, 263, 265, 308, 331, 346, 349, 369, 370, 374, 380–383, 473, 508, 512, 521, 524, 659, 731, 732, 747, 750, 751, 799, 858, 863, 865, 870, 872, 935
rudder fixed 244–247, 249, 251
ruddervator. see vertical tail (V‐tail)
runway
- pavement 402–405
- pavement classification 403
- safety area 841
- types 403–404

s
Schrenk's method 155–159, 801
sea‐level static thrust 13, 280, 281, 622, 704, 938
Sears–Haack body 207–208
Seat mile cost 271
Samuel Henson 4
sensitivity study 291, 367, 445, 625–627, 896, lvii, lx
separation 28, 81–84, 103, 109, 115, 170, 176, 188, 190, 192, 205, 207, 214, 215, 225, 261, 301, 325, 326, 334, 360, 361, 370–372, 375, 380, 480–482, 489, 495, 497, 502, 549, 561, 716, 842, 881, 888, 889, 891, 896
service
- galley 286
- location 880
- trolley 286
shaft horse power (SHP) 324, 353, 376, 377, 549, 556, 577, 582, 587–590, 594–597, 599, 678
Shevell's method 165–166
shock
- absorber 386, 388, 397–401, 413, 417
- normal 114, 116, 309, 561–562, 928, 929
- oblique 114, 116, 309, 561–563, 927, 929, 930
shop‐floor interface 823–824
short period oscillation (SPO) 743–744, 746
side stick controller (SSC) 754, 861, 862
silent aircraft 850
simple straight‐through turbojet 546–548, 551–553
Six Sigma 29, 58, 61, 430, 686, 697, 756, 810–812, 816
sizing
- aircraft lvii, lx, 10, 34, 36, 62, 65, 269, 272, 294, 316, 323, 324, 352, 371, 426, 443, 479, 540, 581, 583, 584, 608–629, 632, 649, 914
- analyses 276, 445, 617–619, 622–625, 914
sizing theory
- initial cruise 614–615, 620, 621, 914, 915
- initial rate of climb 67, 610, 614, 632
- landing 615
- takeoff 614–616, 620, 914, 916
skin
- average 491, 501, 522
- coefficient 82
- friction 81–83, 85, 92, 104, 178, 207, 479–482, 488–491, 495, 499, 501, 502, 508, 509, 530
- local 82, 83
slat 49, 105, 110, 174, 175, 182, 330, 338, 363, 376, 450, 456, 457, 465, 466, 469, 474, 495, 503, 504, 506, 531, 615, 620, 638, 754, 835, 856, 934, 939, 944
slip indicator 858
slow roll 272
solar cell 899, 904–907, 916
Sonic Cruiser 167, 268, 269
sound pressure level (SPL) 833
Space Ship One 10, 22
spar
- front 802
- multi 137, 799, 800
- rear 175, 330, 343, 368, 379, 795, 798, 802
specific density 900, 902
specific energy lxi, 906, 916
specific fuel consumption (sfc) 13, 542–544, 556, 583–590, 592–594, 596, 597, 599, 649, 650, 668, 676, 815, 943
specific power 597, 900, 908
specific range (SR) 603, 632, 650, 664, 665, 668, 676, 709, 710, 939
specific strength 784, 786
specific thrust 542, 548, 554
speed
- brake application 636
- decision 398, 613, 629, 635–641, 655–660, 671–674, 680
- equivalent air (EAS) 633, 675, 717
- high 11, 83, 95, 99, 130, 131, 166, 238, 329, 385, 407, 411, 482, 484, 487, 495, 563, 565, 567, 593, 611, 663, 716, 717, 726, 832, 856, 883
- lift off 637, 654, 656, 659, 672, 673
- low 84, 95, 98, 110, 129, 137, 232, 276, 328, 331, 357, 358, 379, 393, 409, 416, 449, 482, 485, 491, 503, 542, 556, 611, 716, 724, 751
- minimum control 615, 636
- minimum unstick 636
- rotation 656, 659, 660, 671
speed brake. see dive brake
speed schedule
- climb 647, 663
- descent 666, 747
spillage drag 496, 526
spinning 394, 744–745, 747
spiral 743, 745–747, 839
splitter plate 226, 227, 309, 563
spoiler 49, 52, 171, 174, 175, 217, 256, 259, 261, 267, 308, 330, 343, 368, 379, 450, 457, 465, 469, 474, 503, 506, 637, 642, 751, 833, 856, 864, 872, 939
spring‐mass 397, 398, 731, 744
square‐cubic law 176–177, 277
stabilator 52, 234, 237, 258, 308, 358, 864–865
stabiliser 49, 50, 219, 230, 231, 237, 240, 241, 255, 265, 308, 337, 346, 358, 369, 380, 867
stability
- augmented system 256
- component 252–253
- design considerations 754–755
- directional 230, 244, 245, 251, 350, 732–734, 744, 746, 753
- dynamic 33, 237, 731–736
- lateral 136, 230, 265, 732, 734–736, 745, 746
- margin 231, 243, 256, 258, 265, 280, 329, 358, 424, 435, 436, 731, 739, 741, 744, 840, 864
- pitch plane 731, 733
- static 33, 107, 207, 237, 249, 251, 252, 264, 265, 278, 334, 344, 360, 369, 380, 435, 468, 559, 730–736, 746
- theory 736–740
stall
- post 120, 123, 128, 253–254, 744–745, 747
- type 109, 857
statistics 33, 47, 148, 182, 229, 268, 315, 385, 430, 521, 546, 608, 635, 741, 819, 907
stealth considerations
- heat signature 883–884
- radar signature 884–885
steel 410, 758, 766, 767, 769, 770, 778, 785–787
stick
- fixed 241–244, 249, 264, 741
- force lix, 32, 110, 111, 171, 237, 243, 259, 261, 262, 436, 741–743
- free 241, 249
stiffness 262, 264, 328, 333, 356, 359, 401, 449, 717, 718, 720, 731, 733, 736, 743, 753, 761–763, 765, 770, 771, 783–785, 791–793, 795, 796, 803, 810
stowage space 386, 393, 394, 418, 962
strain 264, 762–765, 777, 785–786
strake 48, 51, 52, 120, 132, 208, 229, 265, 306, 307, 350, 354, 357, 380, 524–526, 856
strategic bomber 292
stratosphere 38, 41, 42, 45, 760, 794, 907
stress 15, 178, 449, 634, 682, 723, 763–765, 776–781, 783, 785–788, 791, 794, 803, 804, 817, 853, 862
stringer 782, 783, 793, 795, 797
Stringfellow, John 5
structure
- basic definitions 761
- empennage 799–800
- fuselage 50, 137, 761, 794, 797–799
- loading 759–761
- material 759, 766, 791
- properties 765–766
- wing 137, 159, 180, 477, 795, 797, 799, 801
strut
- energy absorption 401
- length 393, 395, 398, 417
subsonic
- high 15, 85, 101, 114, 115, 118, 120, 123, 130, 134, 136, 139, 162, 164, 167, 170, 171, 175, 179, 180, 182, 186, 193, 207, 268, 270, 273, 276, 290, 332, 344, 367, 409, 463, 484–487, 502, 538, 542, 545, 548, 580, 633, 684
- low 98, 114, 118, 123, 164, 179–181, 186, 214, 465, 911
subsystem 53, 384, 388, 752, 814, 848, 862, 863, 870, 872
supersonic
- aircraft 131–132, 223, 561–563, 867
- drag 70, 160, 223, 487, 509–511, 527, 533–536
- effects 115–117, 208
- wing planform 131, 168, 170
surface imperfection 500–501
Sutherland's equation 40, 41
system 9, 50, 87, 154, 186, 240, 268, 315, 384, 436, 500, 540, 577, 613, 661, 682, 728, 731, 759, 806, 827, 847, 895, 899
- aircraft 29, 53, 54, 186, 577, 821, 847–885

t
tail
- arm 52, 232–235, 237–240, 263, 331, 333, 337, 338, 344, 346, 347, 358, 359, 369, 370, 373, 374, 380, 448, 477, 521, 741, 749, 755
- asymmetric 232, 244, 331, 396, 747, 750
- canard 749
- circular 234, 235
- cruciform 232–234, 254, 450, 465, 799
- high 266
- high tee 232–234
- horizontal (H‐tail) 49, 50, 103, 106, 107, 134, 208, 229, 231–232, 255, 280, 304, 308, 331, 333, 344–346, 437, 450, 458, 465, 469, 474, 737, 738, 753, 800, 895
- low 49, 134, 232, 233, 339, 344, 387, 450, 465, 799
- mid 232–234, 254, 450, 465, 799
- multi boom 235
- position lxii, 325, 354, 356
- single boom 232–235
- statistics 237, 239, 252
- tee‐tail (T‐tail)
  - high 232–234
  - low 134, 799
  - shielding 240
  - vee tail (ruddervator) 234–236, 265, 291, 751
  - vertical (V‐tail) 15, 49, 132, 219, 229, 272, 330, 440, 449, 559, 734, 799, 932
  - volume coefficients 233, 237–240, 263, 278–280, 332–334, 344, 346, 358, 359, 369, 380, 738, 749
  - Y‐tail 234–236
- twin boom 235
taileron 52, 237, 308, 358
tailets 265
takeoff
- balanced field length (BFL) 656–660
- distance 67–69, 71, 72, 373, 374, 671, 942, 944
- run 396, 830
temperature
- ambient 43, 45, 414, 511, 557, 578, 599, 635, 646, 857
- static 857, 858, 928, 929
- total 927, 928, 930
throttle 27, 89, 166, 259, 319, 360, 370, 495–497, 561, 562, 565, 578, 579, 581, 584, 586, 592, 594, 597, 599, 602, 648, 666, 675, 676, 835, 862, 865, 866, 902, 935
thrust loading 268, 280, 282, 294, 302, 303, 324, 353, 609, 611, 617, 622, 623, 627–629, 632, 639, 640, 677–679, 681, 907, 914, 939
thrust reverser
- effect on stopping distance 564, 635, 637, 656
- efflux pattern 221–222
- military 360, 437, 642, 833, 870
- types 336
thrust vectoring 28, 258, 565, 751, 864
time frame 55, 61–62, 64, 65, 695, 831
Tippu, Sultan 22
titanium 219, 325, 432, 696, 758, 766, 767, 769, 774, 778, 786–788
tolerance 14, 28, 53, 58, 99, 101, 124, 291, 318, 428, 499, 501, 634, 686, 692, 693, 700, 757, 784, 808, 810, 812–814, 816, 820, 823, 833, 935, 936
Torenbeek's method 163–165, 457
torque 239, 263, 331, 571, 749, 755, 761, 765, 779–781, 905, 911, 917
torsion 233, 328, 333, 356, 359, 761, 776, 778–781, 796, 798, 799, 803
transformation 88, 822
transonic
- aircraft 28, 167, 208
- effect 114–115, 207–208, 510
- wing 167, 168
trim 230, 238, 280, 333, 358, 435, 436, 499, 526, 708, 730, 738, 741, 749, 862
- tab 256, 259–262, 264, 330, 741–743, 863, 864
trim drag 106, 238, 436, 499, 500, 518, 525, 526, 708, 710, 753, 895, 936, 937
tropopause 38, 40, 620, 634, 646–648, 840
troposphere 38, 40, 645
true air speed 44, 89, 567, 589, 596, 597, 599, 633, 645, 651, 727, 858, 942
T‐s diagram 555
tube 214, 217, 367, 390, 411, 779, 780, 855, 959, 964
turbofan engine 68, 69, 375, 546, 577, 586, 604, 691, 697, 866–867
turbojet engine 551–554
turboprop engine 12, 15, 334, 376–378, 451, 453, 526, 546, 548–550, 556, 577, 581, 587–589, 597, 634, 678
turboprop trainer aircraft (TPT) lv, lx, 71, 123, 316, 318, 320, 374–383, 416, 425–426, 472–477, 522–526, 537, 538, 581, 590, 609, 677–678, 963
turbulent 80–85, 91, 489, 490, 513, 514, 530, 827, 835, 838, 840, 888, 893, 895
turn performance
- coordinated 230, 235, 236, 244, 261, 651, 652, 858
- indicator 854
- rate 610, 611, 623, 631
- skid 858
- slip 858
turning of aircraft 396
tyre
- bias ply 409–412, 420
- braking friction 396–397, 640, 654, 672
- carcass ply 411
- classification 390, 412–413
- construction 409
- deflection 402, 413–414, 962
- energy absorbed 401–402
- inflation 402, 412
- loading 405
- material 410
- nomenclature 411–414, 960
- radial ply 409–412
- selection 402, 404, 407, 420, 421, 425
tyre types classification 412–413

u
undercarriage
- bogey type 388, 402, 507
- collapsed position 395
- data 382, 431, 590
- design driver 394–396
- drag 387, 506–508
- energy absorbed 400–402
- free position 394
- layout 384, 386, 387, 391, 395, 414–419, 422, 425, 718, lxi
- nomenclature 391–393
- normal position 394
- nose wheel 49, 337, 382, 385–387, 390, 395, 398–401, 403, 411, 415–420, 422, 424, 425, 508, 575, 964
- retraction 388, 393–394, 638
- stowage 386, 394
- tail‐dragging type 49, 385
- tri‐cycle type 337, 385, 387, 388, 416, 418, 422, 426, 452, 466
- types 321, 351, 386, 387
units and dimension 34
unmanned aircraft
- system (UAS) 20–22, 293, 844–845, 918
- vehicle (UAV) lix, 15, 20–21, 75, 235, 236, 293, 311, 844–845, 899, 900, 917, 918
unmanned aircraft vehicle (UAV) lix, 15, 20–21, 75, 235, 236, 293, 311, 844–845, 899, 900, 917, 918
utilisation 56, 85, 288, 671, 703, 705, 709, 814, 823, 900, 905, 918, 942
utility system 877

v
vectors 38, 87, 93, 105, 244, 245, 265, 294, 351, 358, 640, 644, 651, 734, 736, 754, 891
velocity 81, 85, 147, 153, 170, 217, 447, 487, 522, 546, 552, 554, 569, 570, 596, 603, 666, 718, 735, 744, 855, 891, 927, 931
ventral fin 193, 207, 254, 264–265, 310, 350, 437, 489, 749
verified design space 14, 46
vertical speed indicator (VSI) 854, 857
vertical tail (V‐tail) 15, 16, 49, 50, 132, 229–233, 235, 236, 239, 240, 244–255, 258, 263, 265, 280, 291, 304, 308, 311, 330–333, 338, 344–347, 349, 350, 358, 359, 369, 370, 374, 376, 380–383, 440, 441, 450, 451, 458, 460, 462, 465, 469, 471, 473, 475, 477, 489, 498, 512, 514, 517, 518, 521, 524–527, 529, 532, 559, 734, 736, 739–741, 745, 746, 749–751, 753, 755, 799, 800, 932, 934–935, 937, 939, 943, 945, 947. see also tail, vertical (V‐tail)
- shielding 240, 331, 333, 358
viscosity 36, 40–43, 79–83, 146, 481, 510, 533, 923–925
V‐n diagram lvii, 329, 357, 430, 447, 715, 716, 718–726
- speed limits 722–723
voice operated control (VOC) 862
von Braun, W. 22
von Ohain, Hans 540
vortex
- generator 132, 175, 176, 207, 215, 310
- lift 52, 120, 138, 170, 229, 265, 266, 307, 358

w
water and waste system 879
wave drag 99, 100, 113, 115, 118, 160, 162, 166, 186, 193, 207, 208, 324, 325, 342, 344, 479–483, 485, 488–490, 502–503, 510, 519, 522, 532, 537, 581, 888, 896
wearability 786
weave
- plain 789, 790
- satin 789, 790
- twill 789, 790
web chart lxii, 47
wedge
- 2D 929–930
- 3D 114, 929
weight. see also mass (weight) fraction
- breakdown 276, 432–433, 462
- data 430, 445, 452, 692
- driver 431–432
- estimation graphical 439
- mass fraction method lx, 36, 438, 443–445, 461–463
- semi‐empirical method 34–35, 439, 440, 502, 628
Weisskopf, Gustav 5, 540
wetted area 177–178, 488–494, 498, 513–514, 517, 518, 524–526, 528–529, 532, 934, 935, 937
wheel
- alignment 392
- arrangement 390, 403, 406, 414, 417
- assembly 407–408
- base 222, 391, 414–419, 421, 422, 426, 477
- camber 219, 392
- caster 393
- demountable wheel flange assembly 407, 408
- divided split wheel assembly 407–408
- foot print 402, 410, 412, 414
- load lvi, 398–400, 403, 405, 414, 418, 420, 422, 424, 426
- loaded radius 392, 961
- offset 388, 392
- rake 392
- retraction 49, 385–388, 390, 393, 394, 416–419, 424, 426
- rolling radius 392
- stability 392
- stowage 49, 386, 393, 394, 417, 418, 962
- toe‐in/out 393
- track lvi, 133, 134, 391, 396, 414–419, 421, 422, 424, 426, 477
Whitcomb aerofoil 115, 116
White Knight 22
Whitte, Frank 540
wide body 15, 48, 69, 134, 195–200, 203–205, 274, 277, 585
wind shear 43, 827, 838, 840
wind tunnel 117, 124, 148, 165, 167, 169, 172, 175, 217, 220, 253, 255, 262, 320, 324, 328, 329, 334, 335, 344, 360, 368, 370, 378, 381, 480, 484, 488, 489, 491, 501–503, 568, 628, 639, 717, 718, 743, 747, 748, 750, 832, 887, 891, 896, 897, 931
wing
- anhedral 740
- area 91, 110, 137, 138, 141–144, 147, 154–157, 162, 165, 170, 171, 174, 177–180, 211, 239, 249, 252, 268, 276–280, 291, 301–302, 304, 311, 319, 321, 323, 324, 339, 344, 345, 351, 353, 364, 367, 369, 377–380, 449, 468, 490, 494, 495, 499, 504, 521, 527, 608, 611, 619, 624, 628, 640, 653, 675, 679, 737, 753, 801, 819, 907, 918
- box 49, 134, 136, 137, 355, 378, 619, 748, 797–799, 867
- configuration 49, 132, 230, 237, 368, 803
- dihedral 134, 291, 328, 329, 343, 735, 740, 748, 754
- generic 128–132, 357
- group 49, 272, 305–308, 436, 449–450, 456, 466
- high 49, 51, 132, 133, 135, 137, 181, 182, 290, 291, 306, 321, 328, 351, 361, 362, 367, 368, 373, 387, 393, 416, 417, 449, 493, 520, 531, 559, 611, 628, 679, 735, 748, 755
- layout 50, 456, 753, 754, 800, 802
- loading 156, 177, 182, 237, 276–278, 294, 301, 303, 324, 367, 401, 438, 443, 445, 522, 611, 612, 617, 623, 624, 627, 632, 678, 679, 907, 914, 916
- low lxii, 64, 132, 133, 137, 181, 182, 215, 291, 311, 321, 337, 351, 361, 363, 375, 378, 379, 382, 426, 452, 466, 473, 494, 523, 559, 611, 735, 736, 745, 748, 754, 755, 833, 918
- planform 115, 117, 120, 125, 128, 140, 145, 148, 156, 162, 167, 171, 177, 178, 183, 268, 276, 291, 324, 330, 331, 342, 371, 382, 796, 803
- reference area 137, 138, 140, 162, 209, 232, 240, 280, 304, 328, 356, 357, 364, 431, 445, 524, 532, 608, 609, 626, 737, 741, 748, 932
- root chord 51, 170, 329, 357, 449
- shape 445
- span 101, 122, 123, 134, 139, 142, 143, 145, 153–155, 168, 169, 174, 178, 180, 239, 246, 249, 272, 278, 280, 330, 342–344, 346, 357, 367–369, 378, 380, 449, 488, 504, 527, 536, 611, 740, 801, 833, 911, 918
- stall 109, 139–140, 151, 152, 255, 747, 856
- sweep angle 137, 138
- taper ratio 137, 139, 144, 449, 748, 918
- three‐surface 306
- tip chord 134, 139
- twist 66, 139–140, 158, 181, 182, 307, 328, 329, 342–344, 357, 367, 780
- two‐surface 306
- variable sweep 132, 166–167
wing design
- planform shape 115, 120, 128–132, 145, 148, 162, 178, 183, 263, 278, 296, 305, 342, 356, 357, 367, 378
- position 263, 291, 311, 324, 329, 330, 333, 335, 343, 351, 353, 357, 379, 398, 416, 417, 435, 740, 798
wing downwash 233, 240–241
wing planform area
- cranked 130
- elliptical 128, 145–148, 153, 154, 159
- generic 128–132, 357
- rectangular 138, 151, 179, 180
- tapered 128, 179, 332
wing reference 66, 137, 138, 140, 162, 209, 232, 240, 280, 304, 328, 356, 357, 364, 431, 445, 524, 532, 608, 609, 626, 737, 741, 748, 932
- area 66, 137, 138, 140, 162, 209, 232, 240, 280, 304, 328, 356, 357, 364, 431, 445, 524, 532, 608, 609, 626, 737, 741, 748, 932
winglets 48, 49, 175, 176, 182, 291, 350, 436–437, 450, 457, 465, 489, 494–495, 939
wire pulley 256–258, 863, 864
wood 390, 428, 432, 756, 757, 766–767, 769, 784, 787–789
worked‐out example
- AJT
  - baseline 71, 72, 422, 519
  - CG location 471–472
  - discussion 629
  - drag evaluation 523
  - fuselage layout 365
  - growth potential 197, 626
  - performance 123, 581, 593, 631, 680
  - sizing 629, 679, 681
  - variant (CAS) 52, 373–374
  - wing 366–368, 373, 469, 626
- Bizjet
  - baseline aircraft lx, 345, 347, 349
  - CG location 457, 460
  - design for customer 818
  - discussion 679–680
  - DOC estimation 705
  - drag evaluation 523
  - empennage layout 344–348
  - finalized configuration 249, 367, 370, 640, 683
  - fuselage layout 330, 457, 515
  - nacelle design 345
  - performance 653, 654
  - sizing analysis 679
  - variants 619
  - weight and CG analysis 65, 668
  - weight data 459–460
  - wing layout 344, 457–458
- propeller performance 594, 597
- supersonic drag evaluation 509–511, 533–536
- turboprop performance 596–598
Wright brothers (Orville and Wilber) 4–6, 230, 540, 827

y
yaw 87, 89, 214, 215, 225, 230–232, 235, 244, 245, 259–261, 263, 265, 309, 333, 358, 380, 508, 559, 718, 732, 739, 741, 744–746, 750
Yeager, Chuck 10
Yehudi 138, 142, 160, 182, 329, 932, 933
yield point 785
Young's Modulus 765–767, 771, 772, 777, 782–785

z
zero fuel weight 407
zero reference plane 188, 222, 327, 330, 343, 368, 418–422, 424–426, 455, 460, 461, 476
zero wind 640, 642, 826, 831

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