SOC and CSIRT combined

To limit some of the drawbacks with the SOC escalation model, some organizations embed the SOC within the overall CSIRT team. Placing the SOC in such a structure may prove to be a more efficient fit since the SOC has responsibility for the initial alerting and triaging function, which is directly related to the CSIRT.

In this model, the SOC analyst serves as the first tier. As previously discussed, they have the first view of security events or security control alerts. After processing and triaging the alert, they have the ability to immediately escalate the incident to the Tier 2 analyst, without having to engage a manager who would then escalate it to the CSIRT manager. This process is highlighted in the following diagram:

This model has some distinct advantages over the previous one. First, the CSIRT has a greater degree of visibility into what the SOC is seeing and doing. Further, having the SOC embedded within the CSIRT allows the CSIRT manager and their team to craft more efficient policies and procedures related to incidents. A second, distinct, advantage of this approach is that the incident escalation is completed much faster and, more likely, with greater precision. With the SOC analyst having a direct escalation to the next tier of CSIRT personnel, the entire process is much faster, and a more detailed analysis is performed as a result.

This approach works well in organizations with a dedicated SOC center that is in-house and not outsourced. For organizations making use of a network operations center or a helpdesk, and without a dedicated SOC, this approach is not realistic, as those functions are often managed outside of the CSIRT, or even network security teams. One other issue is that, depending on the size of the SOC and CSIRT teams, additional CSIRT managers may be required, in order to address the day-to-day workload of both the SOC and the CSIRT.

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