In this chapter, we will explore the correlation between different factors and estimate to what degree these different factors are reliable. Additionally, we will learn about the different types of examinations we can carry out in order to discover the relationship between data including univariate analysis, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis. We will perform these analyses using the Titanic dataset. We'll also introduce Simpson's paradox. Likewise, we will take an insightful look at the well-known fact that correlation does not imply causation.

In this chapter, we will cover the following topics:

• Introducing correlation 
• Understanding univariate analysis
• Understanding bivariate analysis
• Understanding multivariate analysis
• Discussing multivariate analysis using the Titanic dataset
• Outlining Simpson's paradox
• Correlation does not imply causation