Gathering data about your network

Gathering all the pieces of the puzzle and planning the implementation is the most important part of QoS and CAC implementation. The implementation of QoS and CAC itself is not very difficult, but without proper planning, it could lead to an even poorer QoE for the end user. A poorly planned and implemented QoS scheme could, in other words, have a negative impact on the performance of the applications.

Never rush through this part; wait a week or two with the implementation rather than do it the wrong way.

Getting ready

Try to figure out the best way to document the network environment where the Lync traffic will be introduced. Decide whether to create Visio drawings, create a separate database, keep the records in an Excel spreadsheet or Notepad, or do all of the above or whatever works best. In this recipe, we'll give a few examples of simple tables to reflect the data we talk about, but there are other ways to do this as well. As part of this task, you should be acquainted with more information from the following online resources:

How to do it...

There are a lot of important questions to be answered before the planning can begin. Some of the important ones are as follows:

  • How many sites are there?
  • Which subnets are configured in each site?
  • How much bandwidth is there at each location in total?
  • How much available bandwidth is there at each location, or how much can be reserved for real-time traffic?
  • What kind of traffic is there to and from the locations today?
  • How much of this traffic can be restricted?
  • How many users are there?
  • What kind of users are there in each site (referred to as profiles in the Lync Bandwidth Calculator LBC)?

Use all of the preceding information and the bandwidth calculator to decide on the answers to the following five important questions:

  • How many concurrent audio calls should be allowed at any given time?
  • How many concurrent video calls should be allowed at any given time?

    Note

    These first two questions might seem easy enough, but bear in mind that conferences might be using different codecs than an ordinary audio call. There might also be devices in the network that require certain codecs (and therefore a specific amount of KB available for sessions).

  • What QoE or which audio codec will be allowed between sites?
  • What QoE or which video codec will be allowed between sites?
  • How many shared sessions should be planned for?

Based on all the information gathered, we could end up with a Visio that draws tables like the one shown as follows:

How to do it...

Note

This is a very simple setup; a Region can have many Sites within, and each Site can have many subnets associated.

The naming of table headers is based on the actual PowerShell command parameters used to import data, if applicable.

The values for the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) marking and port ranges are only examples, and are not to be implemented blindly. Do the calculations and avoid collisions based on the information provided in the white papers:

  • Network Bandwidth policies

    Identity

    AudioBWLimit

    AudioBWSessionLimit

    VideoBWLimit

    VideoBWSessionLimit

    Description

    Low

    40

    800 (20 Calls)

    100

    100 (Effectively 0 call)

    For bad WAN links

    Medium

    60

    2400 (40 Calls)

    640

    6400 (10 Calls)

    Standard WAN links

    High

    80

    8000 (100 Calls)

    1500

    75000 (50 Calls)

    Best Quality

  • Regions

    Identity

    CentralSite

    AudioAlternatePath

    VideoAlternatePath

    Description

    East

    ROS

    0

    0

    Test1

    West

    ROS

    1

    1

    Test2

    North

    DAR

    1

    1

    Test3

    South

    DAR

    1

    1

    Test4

  • Network Sites

    Identity

    NetworkRegionID

    BWPolicyProfileID

    Description

    Site X

    East

    Medium

    Remote X

    Site Y

    West

    High

    Remote Y

    Site Z

    North

    Medium

    Remote Z

    Site 42

    South

    Low

    VPN 42

  • Network Subnets

    Identity

    MaskBits

    Description

    NetworkSiteID

    10.10.30.0

    24

    SkyMode

    Site Z

    10.10.31.0

    24

    EarthMode

    Site 42

    10.10.40.0

    24

    FireMode

    Site X

    10.10.41.0

    24

    WaterMode

    Site Y

  • Region Links

    Identity

    NetworkRegionID1

    NetworkRegionID2

    BWPolicyProfileID

    Route1

    North

    East

    Medium

    Route2

    South

    West

    Medium

    Route3

    East

    West

    High

  • Region Routes

    Identity

    NetworkRegionID1

    NetworkRegionID2

    NetworkRegionLinkIDs

    North_To_East

    North

    East

    Route1

    North_To_West

    North

    West

    Route1;Route3

    North_to_South

    North

    South

    Route3;Route1;Route2

    East_to_west

    East

    West

    Route3

    East_to_south

    East

    South

    Route2;Route3

    West_to_south

    West

    South

    Route2

  • Table for QoS values

    Type of traffic

    DSCP Value

    Audio

    46 (EF)

    Video

    34 (AF41)

    Signaling and app sharing

    24 (CS3)

    File transfer

    18

  • Table for port ranges

    Type of service

    Port start

    Port count (Number of ports)

    Range =

    Audio

    50000

    2000

    50000 - 51999

    Video

    52000

    2000

    52000 - 53999

    App sharing

    54000

    2000

    54000 - 55999

    File transfer

    56000

    2000

    56000 - 57999

    Edge service

     

    10000

     
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