Boards
Arduino boasts an extensive list of boards. There is a general misconception about Arduino
boards where they are categorized as microcontrollers. The statement is technically incorrect:
an Arduino board is a special type of customized circuit board which encompasses a microcon-
troller as one of its components. These boards are aordable and easy-to-use, and they have a
USB port which can connect them to PCs. Thus, the board can act as a serial device and facili-
tates serial communication; thereby its convenience makes it a primary choice for modern-day
computers.
Ocially, Arduino has grouped its boards in the following categories entry level, enhanced
features, education, wearable, and retired. The most common among all Arduino boards is
Arduino Uno. The board possesses a proper built-in voltage regulation. External 12v power
sources can be connected to the board while it oers regulation for 3.3v and 5v. Additionally,
the USB port can also power it.
Uno has the ATmega 328 chip. This chip houses numerous features such as external/inter-
nal interrupts, sleep modes, timers, and PWM pins. Other features include:
• The microcontroller has a 16 mhz clock.
• The programmed code is stored via a 32 KB flash memory.
• The board is occupied by 6 analog and 13 digital pins. External hardware can be con-
nected to Uno by establishing a connection with these pins. This is where you have to
link your sensors in the sockets for the pins.
• A reset button for the program.
• LED on the digital pin 13, which is primarily used for debugging.
• For re-boot loading operation of the chip, there is an ICSP connection used for the pur-
pose of interfacing the board as a serial device.
AREF
GND
13
12
~11
~10
~9
8
7
~6
~5
4
~3
2
TX-1
RX-0
DIGITAL (PWM ~)
IOREF
RESET
3.3V
5V
GND
GND
Vin
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
POWER ANALOG IN
ON
RX
TX
L
ARDUINO
UNO
+-
Arduino Uno
328 Internet of Things
Internet_of_Things_CH13_pp327-348.indd 328 9/3/2019 10:17:03 AM
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