• Conductivity,
• Temperature,
• Dissolved Oxygen (DO),
• Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP), and
• PH levels.
It is very risky to supply electricity to the sensors and nodes installed in the fish ponds. Thus,
the company decided to install solar panels with batteries to ensure a continuous and steady
supply. Next was installing Smart Water Ions to monitor Nitrate Ion (NO3) and Ammonium
Ion (NH4). These are the toxic indicators of water, usually created by the own feces of the
fishes.
The installed sensor platform will be communicating through 3G/GPRS and 802.15.4. All
the information collected from the sensors will be sent to the cloud via the same networks. The
platform they have used to visualize all the data is PioT-SW pha Distribution, a cloud-based
application. This allows the authorities to control the real-time parameters and get diagrams
showing their dierence.
Lowered losses
In a farm of the size of 5,000 meters square, about 2,000 fishes are placed in their infant state.
After 6 months of healthy growth, approximately 30,000 kilograms of alive fish were caught
with a decent price of $1.5 per kilogram. By preventing diseases and by controlling the water
quality they were able to harvest the best results.
The real-time monitoring of the fish farm helped them to cut down the animal loss by
40–50 %. The means farmers are now collecting between 38,000 and 40,000 kilos of fishes
instead of 30,000. That is equivalent of around $12,000 in every 6 months. Its potential is not
just limited to fish farming, but also shrimp farming as now they are able to monitor DO & PH
parameters to ensure better water quality to help shrimp growth. Plus, international regulations
expect to ensure quality standards in fishes and their farming conditions. The fishing farms
with the newly implemented systems can do much better commercially than the traditional.
Recommended Readings
1. P2413/D0.4.5, Dec 2018–IEEE Draft Standard for an Architectural Framework for the
Internet of Things (IoT)
Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org (Accessed on 01 July 2019)
Abstract:
This standard defines an architecture framework description for the Internet of Things (IoT) which con-
forms to the international standard ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011. The architecture framework description is
motivated by concerns commonly shared by IoT system stakeholders across multiple domains (transportation,
healthcare, smart grid, etc.). This standard provides a conceptual basis for the notion of things in the IoT and
then elaborates the shared concerns as a collection of architecture viewpoints which form the body of the frame-
work description.
Chapter 2 IoT Frameworks 51
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2. IoT-Aided Charity: An Excess Food Redistribution Framework
Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org (Accessed on 01 July 2019)
Abstract:
A trusted and active community aided and supported by the Internet of Things (IoT) is a key factor in
food waste reduction and management. This paper proposes an IoT based context aware framework which can
capture real-time dynamic requirements of both vendors and consumers and perform real-time match-making
based on captured data. We describe our proposed reference framework and the notion of smart food sharing
containers as enabling technology in our framework. A prototype system demonstrates the feasibility of a pro-
posed approach using a smart container with embedded sensors.
3. A Cognitive Oriented Framework for IoT Big-data Management Prospective
Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org (Accessed on 01 July 2019)
Abstract:
The Internet-of-Things (IoT) environment continuously inspires any time-place-things connectivity of
the smart objects in and around the universe. Day by day the rapid growth of enormous IoT objects and digital
storage technology, lead to a large heterogeneous data depository, in which the IoT big-data are stored in the
dissimilar database frameworks as a consequence of heterogeneous data sources. So due to large heterogeneous
data sources, some incompatibilities like name, scale, structure, and level of abstraction are there in between the
frameworks of IoT big-data that create threats to data management and knowledge discovery. So in this work,
we need to propose a Cognitive Oriented IoT Big-data Framework (COIB-framework) along with implemen-
tation architecture, IoT big-data layering architecture, and a data organization framework for eective data
management and knowledge discovery that cop-up with the large scale industrial automation applications.
The discussion and analysis shows that the proposed framework and architectures create a feasible solution in
implementing IoT big-data based smart industrial applications.
4. A smartphone connected software updating framework for IoT devices
Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org (Accessed on 01 July 2019)
Abstract:
This paper proposes a software framework and hardware architecture to exchange the binaries and profiles
from smartphones to IoT devices and reprogram devices with smartphones. This scheme, when included in a
system of smartphones interconnected with locally deployed IoT devices in wired or wireless manners, can be
used to implement a practical updater.
5. An architectural framework for low-power IoT applications
Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org (Accessed on 01 July 2019)
Abstract:
The Internet of Things (IoT) is connecting relatively low bandwidth sensing devices to the Internet. Given
the IoT computational paradigm, applications that touch every aspect of modern life are now rapidly evolving.
In order to keep up with the evolving future, a unified real-time, low-power, low-cost, and reliable IoT frame-
work is needed. This paper proposes such an IoT architectural framework with configurable nodes and multi-
ple sensors that could be utilized in diverse applications. The sensor nodes collect data from the surrounding
environment and pass it to the cloud for universal accessibility by the users. The proposed framework can be
used for diverse applications and has been verified through hardware implementation for applications such as
healthcare, wearables, structural health monitoring, object tracking, and connected vehicles.
52 Internet of Things
Internet_of_Things_CH02_pp027-054.indd 52 9/3/2019 10:12:44 AM
6. A framework for inter-thing relationships for programming the social IoT
Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org (Accessed on 01 July 2019)
Abstract:
We argue that for the realization of innovative IoT scenarios, the application development environment
should not be based only on the things’ services but also on the relationships that may tie these services
together opportunistically. In this paper, we propose an inter-thing relationships programming framework
as the basis for a distributed programming ecosystem. The framework broadens the thing-level relationships
of the evolving social IoT paradigm and extends the limited set of relationships utilized in current technology
with a set of service-level relationships. Such relationships describe how thing services can be combined to
build meaningful IoT applications. We discuss prerequisite roles for thing, vendor and developer as the three
main actors of the framework and finally demonstrate the features of the framework through a proof-of-
concept application.
7. EC-IoT: An easy configuration framework for constrained IoT devices
Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org (Accessed on 01 July 2019)
Abstract:
Connected devices oer tremendous opportunities. However, their configuration and control remain a
major challenge in order to reach widespread adoption by less technically skilled people. Over the past few
years, a lot of attention has been given to improve the configuration process of constrained devices with limited
resources, such as available memory and the absence of a user interface. Still, a major deficiency is the lack
of a streamlined, standardized configuration process. In this paper, we propose EC-IoT, a novel configuration
framework for constrained IoT devices. The proposed framework makes use of open standards, leveraging upon
the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), an application protocol that enables HTTP-like RESTful inter-
actions with constrained devices. To validate the proposed approach, we present a prototype implementation of
the EC-IoT framework and assess its scalability.
8. Issues and Implementation Strategies of the IoT (Internet of Things) Industry
Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org (Accessed on 01 July 2019)
Abstract:
This study aims to propose a general strategy for establishing and implementing IoT industry promotion
policies, by analyzing a broad range of issues related with the developmental direction of the IoT industry, and
by suggesting appropriate development strategies. This study proposes four implementation strategies to view
the direction of IoT development at the general level and discusses appropriate ways of responding to environ-
mental changes.
9. IoT smart campus review and implementation of IoT applications into education process
of university
Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org (Accessed on 01 July 2019)
Abstract:
In this paper described model of Internet of This paper reviews concepts of Internet of Things (IoT), IoT
smart campus model and applications, describes the implementation of IoT applications in the university cam-
pus, IoT Flipped Classroom, IoT Entrance system, student’s feedback, IoT orangery and IoT heating system.
Feedback token from students shows impact of implementation of IoT Flipped Classroom and compare with
traditional education approach.
Chapter 2 IoT Frameworks 53
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