viii Contents
SECTION IV: CMOS THZ SIGNAL DETECTION 211
9 Resonator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
9.2 Differential TL-SRR Resonator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
9.2.1 Stacked SRR Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 14
9.2.2 Comparison with Single-Ended TL-SRR Res onator . . 215
9.2.3 Comparison with Standing-Wave Resonator . . . . . . 217
9.3 Differential TL-CSRR Resonator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
9.4 Circuit Prototyping and Measure ment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
9.4.1 76-GHz Differential TL-SRR Resonator . . . . . . . . 220
9.4.2 96-GHz Differential TL-CSRR Resonator . . . . . . . 223
9.4.3 Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
9.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
10 Super-Regenerative Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
10.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
10.2 Fundamentals of Super-Regenerative Amplification . . . . . 233
10.2.1 Equivalent Circuit of SRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
10.2.2 Frequency Resp onse o f SRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
10.2.3 Sensitivity of SRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
10.3 Super-Regenerative Receiver by SRR/CSRR Resonator . . . 236
10.3.1 Quench-Controlled Oscillation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
10.3.2 SRX Design by TL-CSRR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
10.3.3 SRX Design by TL-SRR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 40
10.4 Circuit Prototyping and Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
10.4.1 DTL-CSRR-Based SRX at 96 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . 244
10.4.2 DTL-SRR-Based SRX at 135 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . 24 6
10.4.3 Compariso n and Discussio n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
10.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
11 In-Phase Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
11.2 SRX Sensitivity Enhancement by ZPS-Coupled CON . . . . 251
11.3 Circuit Prototyping and Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
11.3.1 SRX Circuit Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
11.3.2 Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
11.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
SECTION V: APPLICATIONS 259
12 CMOS THz Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
12.2 135-GHz Narrow-Band Imager by DTL-SRR-B ased SRX . . 263
12.2.1 THz Imaging by SRA Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . 263