1. Rebecca Armato, “Grassroots Approach Builds Connected Health Community,” Health Management Technology (September 2011): 16–17; Rebecca Armato, “For Doctors, EHR Adoption Isn’t a Spectator Sport,” InformationWeek, February 1, 2011, Business & Company Resource Center, http://galenet.galegroup.com; Huntington Medical Foundation, “The Huntington Medical Foundation (HMF): A Collaborative Healthcare Group,” news release, December 12, 2011, http://www.huntingtonhospital.com; Farrah Jolly and Neil Versel, “So Many Choices,” InformationWeek, February 1, 2011, Business & Company Resource Center, http://galenet.galegroup.com.

2. John H. Zimmerman, “The Principles of Managing Change,” HR Focus (February 1995): 15–16.

3. For an in-depth analysis of effective change in the workplace, see: Angela Mansell, Paula Brough, and Kevin Cole, “Stable Predictors of Job Satisfaction, Psychological Strain, and Employee Retention: An Evaluation of Organizational Change within the New Zealand Customs Service,” International Journal of Stress Management 13 (2006): 84–107.

4. Rosabeth Moss Kanter, “The New Managerial Work,” Harvard Business Review (November/December 1989): 85–92. For further discussion of organizational change, see: William Kahn, “Facilitating and Undermining Organizational Change: A Case Study,” Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 40 (2004): 7.

5. John S. Morgan, Managing Change: The Strategies of Making Change Work for You (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1972), 99.

6. Jeremy Smerd, “General Motors Shakes Up HR Leadership,” Workforce Management, July 30, 2009, http://www.workforce.com. For additional information on radical change, see: Mark Hughes, “Reengineering Works: Don’t Report, Exhort,” Management & Organizational History 4, no. 1 (2009): 105–122.

7. Bart Nooteboom, “Paradox, Identity, and Change in Management,” Human Systems Management 8 (1989): 291–300.

8. For a discussion of the importance of change, see: Freek Vermeulen, Phanish Puranam, and Ranjay Gulati, “Change for Change’s Sake,” Harvard Business Review, June 2010, http://www.hbr.org.

9. For a different perspective on the behaviors required for change agents, see: Sharon K. Parker and Catherine G. Collins, “Taking Stock: Integrating and Differentiating Multiple Proactive Behaviors,” Journal of Management 36, no. 3 (May 2010): 633–662.

10. For a discussion of the value of outside change agents, see: John H. Sheridan, “Careers on the Line,” Fortune (September 16, 1991): 29–30. See also: John H. Zimmerman, “The Deming Approach to Construction Safety Management,” Professional Safety (December 1994): 35–37.

11. For an article on being an effective change agent, see: Shelley Cohen, “Change Agents Bolster New Practices in the Workplace,” Nursing Management 37 (2006): 16–17.

12. Myron Tribus, “Changing the Corporate Culture—A Roadmap for the Change Agent,” Human Systems Management 8 (1989): 11–22. For research focusing on an internal change agent, see: Choi Sang Long, Wan Khairuzzaman Wan Ismail, and Salmiah Mohd Amin, “The Role of Change Agent as Mediator in the Relationship Between HR Competencies and Organizational Performance,” The International Journal of Human Resource Management 24, no. 10 (2013): 2019.

13. “University Health System Modernizes Operations with Technology Upgrades,” San Antonio Business Journal, April 20, 2010, http://www.bizjournals.com.

14. For an interesting case illustrating the changing nature of organization structure at Procter & Gamble, see: Aelita G. B. Martinsons and Maris G. Martinsons, “In Search of Structural Excellence,” Leadership & Organization Development Journal 15 (1994): 24–28. See also: Saul W. Gellerman, “In Organizations, as in Architecture, Form Follows Function,” Organizational Dynamics 18 (Winter 1990): 57–68.

15. This section is based primarily on R. Blake, J. Mouton, and L. Greiner, “Breakthrough in Organization Development,” Harvard Business Review (November/December 1964): 133–155.

16. R. Blake, J. Mouton, and L. Greiner, “Breakthrough in Organization Development,” Harvard Business Review (November/December 1964): 133–155.

17. W. J. Heisler, “Patterns of OD in Practice,” Business Horizons (February 1975): 77–84.

18. Martin G. Evans, “Failures in OD Programs—What Went Wrong,” Business Horizons (April 1974): 18–22.

19. For one such article on organization development, see: Jeana Wirtenberg, David Lipsky, Lilian Abrams, Malcolm Conway, and Joan Slepian, “The Future of Organizational Development: Enabling Sustainable Business Performance Through People,” Organization Development 25 (Summer 2007): 11–22.

20. David Coghlan, “OD Interventions in Catholic Religious Orders,” Journal of Managerial Psychology 4 (1989): 4–6. See also: Paul A. Iles and Thomas Johnston, “Searching for Excellence in Second-Hand Clothes? A Note,” Personnel Review 18 (1989): 32–35; Ewa Maslyk-Musial, “Organization Development in Poland: Stages of Growth,” Public Administration Quarterly 13 (Summer 1989): 196–214.

21. For an interesting discussion of resistance to change from inherited staff, see: Margaret Russell, “Records Management Program-Directing: Inherited Staff,” ARMA Records Management Quarterly 24 (January 1990): 18–22.

22. For an interesting article on resistance to change in the workplace, see: David Stanley, John Meyer, and Laryssa Topolnytsky, “Employee Cynicism and Resistance to Organizational Change,” Journal of Business and Psychology 19 (2005): 429–459.

23. For more information about internal resistance to change, see: Robert Sevier, “Overcoming Internal Resistance to Change,” University Business 6 (2003): 23.

24. This strategy for minimizing resistance to change is based on “How Companies Overcome Resistance to Change,” Management Review (November 1972): 17–25. See also: Dennis G. Erwin and Andrew N. Garman, “Resistance to Organizational Change: Linking Research and Practice,” Leadership & Organization Development Journal 31, no. 1 (2010): 39–56.

25. For discussions on how storytelling can facilitate change and help an organization’s workforce through transitions, see: Andrew D. Brown, Yiannis Gabriel, and Silvia Gherardi, “Storytelling and Change: An Unfolding Story,” Organization 16, no. 3 (2009): 323–333; Michaela Driver, “From Loss to Lack: Stories of Organizational Change as Encounters with Failed Fantasies of Self, Work and Organization,” Organization 16, no. 3 (2009): 353–369.

26. Arnold S. Judson “A Manager’s Guide to Making Changes” (New York: John Wiley and Sons) 1966, p. 118.

27. Steve Rosenbush, “Avon’s Failed SAP Implementation Reflects Rise of Usability,” Wall Street Journal, December 11, 2013, http://blogs.wsj.com; Drew Fitzgerald, “Avon to Halt Rollout of New Order Management System,” Wall Street Journal, December 11, 2013, http://online.wsj.com; Doug Henschen, “Inside Avon’s Failed Order-Management Project,” InformationWeek, December 16, 2013, http://www.informationweek.com.

28. Newton Margulies and John Wallace, Organizational Change: Techniques and Applications (Chicago: Scott, Foresman, 1973), 14.

29. For an article on evaluating change within a pharmaceutical organization, see: Bill Cowley, “Why Change Succeeds: An Organizational Self-Assessment,” Organization Development Journal 25 (2007): 25–30.

30. T. L. Stanley, “Only When Necessary,” SuperVision 66, no. 11 (November 2005): 7–9.

31. For an article on developments concerning stress in the workplace, see: “CEO’s Stress Worried Pfizer; Board Was Seeking Lieutenant to Share Load, but Kindler Decided to Retire,” Wall Street Journal Online, December 7, 2010; see also: Patricia Sikora, David Beaty, and John Forward, “Updating Theory on Organizational Stress: The Asynchronous Multiple Overlapping Change (AMOC) Model of Workplace Stress,” Human Resource Development Review 3 (2004): 3.

32. Hans Selye, The Stress of Life (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956). See also: James C. Quick and Jonathan D. Quick, Organizational Stress and Preventive Management (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1984).

33. James D. Bodzinski, Robert F. Scherer, and Karen A. Gover, “Workplace Stress,” Personnel Administrator 34 (July 1989): 76–80.

34. For an article regarding the role of stress in the overall quality of life of employees, see: Cary Cooper, “The Challenges of Managing the Changing Nature of Workplace Stress,” Journal of Public Mental Health 5 (2005): 6–9.

35. For an article that describes the relationship between workplace stress and psychiatric disorders, see: Carolyn Dewa, Elizabeth Lin, Mieke Kooehoorn, and Elliot Goldner, “Association of Chronic Work Stress, Psychiatric Disorders, and Chronic Physical Conditions with Disability among Workers,” Psychiatric Services 58 (2007): 652–658.

36. Sue Shellenbarger, “Turn Bad Stress into Good,” Wall Street Journal, May 7, 2013, http://online.wsj.com; Annie Murphy Paul, “Good or Bad? It Depends on How You Think about It,” European Union News, February 28, 2014, Business Insights: Global, http://bi.galegroup.com; Mayo Clinic, “Healthy Lifestyle: Stress Management,” March 4, 2014, http://www.mayoclinic.org; Robert Sanders, “Researchers Find Out Why Some Stress Is Good for You,” University of California–Berkeley News Center, April 16, 2013, http://newscenter.berkeley.edu.

37. Corinne M. Smereka, “Outwitting, Controlling Stress for a Healthier Lifestyle,” Healthcare Financial Management 44 (March 1990): 70–75.

38. J. Clifton Williams, Human Behavior in Organizations (Cincinnati: South-Western, 1982), 212–213; Thomas L. Brown, “Are You Living in ‘Quiet Desperation’?” Industry Week (March 16, 1992): 17.

39. For more information about the relationship among stress, burnout, and depression, see: A. Iacovides, K. Fountoulakis, S. Kaprinis, and G. Kaprinis, “The Relationship Between Job Stress, Burnout and Clinical Depression,” Journal of Affective Disorders 75 (2003): 209; also see: Arla L. Day, Aaron Sibley, Natasha Scott, John M. Tallon, and Stacy Ackroyd-Stolarz, “Workplace Risks and Stressors as Predictors of Burnout: The Moderating Impact of Job Control and Team Efficacy,” Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences 26, no. 1 (March 2009): 7–22.

40. Stewart L. Stokes, Jr., “Life After Rightsizing,” Information Systems Management (Fall 1994): 69–71. For an interesting discussion of stressors, see: Chau-kiu Cheung, Lih-rong Wang, and Raymond Kwok-hong Chan, “Differential Impacts of Stressors on Sense of Belonging,” Social Indicators Research 113, no. 1 (August 2013): 277–297.

41. For an interesting article addressing how managers can handle their own stress, see: Thomas Brown, “Are You Stressed Out?” Industry Week (September 16, 1991): 21.

42. Fred Luthans, Organizational Behavior (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1985), 146–148. For one successful method of reducing workplace stress, see: J. Michael Krivyanski, “Employer-Sponsored Programs Try to Keep Workplace Stress in Check,” Business Times Journal 20, no. 38 (April 6, 2001): 34.

43. For an article outlining the advantages of workplace stress management classes, see: Yoshio Mino, Akira Babazono, Toshihide Tsuda, and Nobufumi Yasuda, “Can Stress Management at the Workplace Prevent Depression? A Randomized Controlled Trial,” Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 75 (2006): 177–182.

44. Donald B. Miller, “Career Planning and Management in Organizations,” S.A.M. Advanced Management Journal 43 (Spring 1978): 33–43.

45. This section is based on Samuel C. Certo, Supervision: Concepts and Skill-Building (Burr Ridge, IL: McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2010), 379–381.

46. Joann S. Lublin, “The High Cost of Avoiding Conflict at Work,” Wall Street Journal, February 14, 2014, http://online.wsj.com; Greg J. Bamber and Jody Hoffer Gittell, “A Tale of Two Airlines: Can Low-Cost Carriers Be Sustainable and Good Places to Work?” The Conversation, March 6, 2012, http://theconversation.com; Marina Krakovsky, “Nir Halevy: How Do You Resolve a Conflict?” Stanford Graduate School of Business News, December 16, 2013, http://www.gsb.stanford.edu.

47. William H. Davidow and Michael S. Malone, The Virtual Corporation (New York: HarperCollins, 1992).

48. P. Maria Joseph Christie and Reuven R. Levary, “Virtual Corporations: Recipe for Success,” Industrial Management (July/August 1998): 7–11.

49. Charles C. Snow, Raymond E. Miles, and Henry J. Coleman, Jr., “Managing 21st Century Network Organizations,” Organizational Dynamics (Winter 1992): 5–20.

50. Judith R. Gordon, Organizational Behavior: A Diagnostic Approach (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1999), 385.

51. Christopher Barnatt, “Virtual Organizations in the Small Business Sector: The Case of Cavendish Management Resources,” International Small Business Journal 15, no. 4 (July/September 1997): 36–47.

52. Anthony M. Townsend, Samuel M. DeMarie, and Anthony R. Hendrickson, “Virtual Teams: Technology and the Workplace of the Future,” Academy of Management Executive 12, no. 3 (August 1998): 17–29. For an article that examines the role of culture in the virtual workplace, see: John Symons and Claudia Stenzel, “Virtually Borderless: An Examination of Culture in Virtual Teaming,” Journal of General Management 32 (2007): 1–17.

53. For other examples of types of virtuality in organizations, see: Daniel E. O’Leary, Daniel Kuokka, and Robert Plant, “Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Organizations,” Communication of the Ach 40, no. 1 (January 1997): 52–59.

54. This section draws from Thomas H. Davenport and Keri Pearlson, “Two Cheers for the Virtual Office,” Sloan Management Review (Summer 1998): 51–65. For a further look at the advantages of a virtual office, see: Stephen Roth, “Consultants Use a Virtual Office to Make New Services a Reality,” Business Journal 19, no. 20 (January 26, 2001): 8; Jeanne Wilson, C. Brad Crisp, and Mark Mortensen, “Extending Construal-Level Theory to Distributed Groups: Understanding the Effects of Virtuality,” Organization Science 24, no. 2 (March/April 2013): 629–644.

55. Jeff Drew, “How to Open New Doors by Closing Your Office,” Journal of Accountancy, July 2013, EBSCOhost, http://web.a.ebscohost.com; Kristy Short, “Cornering the Market on Premium Outsourced Accounting Services,” CPA Practice Advisor, March 2013, Business Insights: Global, http://bi.galegroup.com; Jennifer Katrulya, “The Last Word: Jennifer Katrulya, CPA/CITP, CGMA,” Journal of Accountancy, September 2012, http://www.journalofaccountancy.com; Business Management Resource Group (BMRG), “About Us,” http://bmrg.homestead.com/About-Our-Firm.html, accessed March 19, 2014; BMRG, “Career Opportunities with BMRG,” http://bmrg.homestead.com/Careers.html, accessed March 19, 2014.

56. This exercise is based on Dave Curtis, “Tebow, Retooled,” Orlando Sentinel, August 20, 2007, C1.

57. Carrie Olsen, David White, and Iris Lemmer, “Career Models and Culture Change at Microsoft,” Organization Development Journal 25, no. 2 (Summer 2007): 31–35, 236.

58. This exercise is based on Jay Ericson, “Radical Change for a Small Business—To Remain Competitive, Ericson Manufacturing Needed to Do a Better Job of Business Forecasting,” Optimize 5, no. 8 (August 2006): 55.