Economic growth, human capital, 62

Economics, general environment, 155–156

Efficiency studies, 447

Emerging Manager Program, 60

Emotional intelligence, 269, 270f

Employee Advisory Programs (EAPs), 39

Employee attitudes standards, 395

Employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs), 334

Employee-centered behavior, 293

Enterprise resource planning (ERP), 134

Entrepreneurial alertness, 470

Entrepreneurial opportunities

• determinants of, 471f

• downside loss, 471

• evaluating, 470–471

• exploitation of, 472–473

• feasibility analysis, 471

• financing, 473

• geographical markets, 469

• identification of, 469–470

• illusion of control, 472

• information asymmetry, 470

• law of small numbers, 472

• means-ends relationships, 470

• new products/services, 468

• organizing, 469

• production methods, 469

• raw materials, 469

• risk and, 471–472

• social networks, 470

• testing ideas, 471

• types of, 470t

Entrepreneurial risk, 471–472

• illusion of control, 472

• law of small numbers, 472

Entrepreneurs

• angel investors and, 473–474

• bank financing and, 474

• capital sources, 473–474

• defined, 468

• downside loss, 471

• entrepreneurial alertness, 470

• feasibility analysis, 471

• identification of opportunities, 469–470

• information asymmetry, 470

• means-ends relationships, 470

• social networks and, 470

• teams, 468

• testing ideas, 471

• venture capitalists and, 473–474

Entrepreneurship

• challenge case, 467–468, 477–478

• commercial, 475–477

• corporate, 474–475

• defined, 468

• failure rates, 469t

• social, 475–477

• stages of, 468f

Environmental analysis

• general environment, 155–156

• industry environment, 158–159

• internal environment, 159

• levels of, 155, 156f

• mission statements, 160

• operating environment, 156

Environmental footprint, 32–33

Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972, 28, 53

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 59, 61–62, 225, 227

• compliance with, 64f, 65, 68

• settlements for noncompliance, 63f

Equal opportunity legislation, 225

Equal Pay Act of 1963, 28

Equity theory of motivation, 320, 322

ERG theory. See Alderfer’s ERG theory

Ethics

• abuses, 42

• business, 38

• chief ethics officer position, 40–41

• codes of, 39–40, 40f

• competitive strategy, 39

• defined, 38

• government regulation, 39

• human rights, 96

• organization culture and, 376

• productivity and, 39

• stakeholder relations, 39

• standards, 41–42

• training programs, 40–41, 376

• whistle-blowing, 42

Ethnocentrism, 57, 59, 91

Exception principle, 433

Excess capacity, 423

Expatriate workers, 86, 97

Expertise, 486–487

Exploitation, 472–473

Exporting, 87