Accountability, 205–206, 212

Achievement behavior, 298

Adaptive strategies, 165

Adhocracy culture, 371–372, 373f

Administrative theory, 450

Affirmative action, 53, 62–64, 66

• compliance with, 68

• hostility towards, 63

• programs, 225

Affordable Care Act, 157

Age Discrimination in Employment Act, 225

Alderfer’s ERG theory, 323, 327

• existence need, 324

• growth need, 324

• relatedness need, 324

• v. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, 325

Algebraic break-even analysis, 434–435

• advantages of, 436

Allocating skill, 165

Americans with Disabilities Act, 225

Angel investors, 473–474

Argyris’s maturity-immaturity continuum, 323, 327

• human needs, 325

• v. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, 326

Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), 90, 90f

Assessment centers, 227

Assimilation approach to pluralism, 65–66

Authentic leadership, 308

• moral courage, 309

Authority, 202, 450

• acceptance of, 203

• functional, 205

• line authority, 203

• line-staff relationships, 204

• model, 206f

• staff authority, 204

• staff personnel, 204

Automation, 420–421