Most autonomous vehicles are deployed with stereo or monocular cameras to detect various things, such as traffic signal status, pedestrians, cyclists, and vehicles. Companies such as MobileEye (http://www.mobileye.com/) which has been acquired by Intel built their advanced driving assistance system (ADAS) using a sensor fusion of cameras and LIDAR data to predict obstacles and path trajectory.

Other than ADAS, we can also use our own control algorithms by only using camera data. One of the cameras used by the Boss robot car in DARPA 2007 was Point Grey Firefly (PGF) (https://www.ptgrey.com/firefly-mv-usb2-cameras). These are high dynamic range cameras and have a 45-degree field of view (FOV):