CHAPTER 1 KEY FORMULAS AND EQUATIONS
Commutative law of addition: a + b = b + a
Associative law of addition: a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c
Commutative law of multiplication: ab = ba
Associative law of multiplication: a(bc) = (ab)c
Distributive law: a(b + c) = ab + ac
a + ( − b) = a − b
(1.1)
a − ( − b) = a + b
(1.2)
am × an = am + n
(1.3)
aman = am − n (m > n , a ≠ 0) , aman = 1an − m (m < n , a ≠ 0)
(1.4)
(am)n = amn
(1.5)
(ab)n = anbn , (ab)n = anbn(b ≠ 0)
(1.6)
a0 = 1(a ≠ 0)
(1.7)
a − n = 1an(a ≠ 0)
(1.8)
ab−−√ = a−−√b√(a and b positive real numbers)
(1.9)
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